{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T19:23:20Z","timestamp":1791141800167,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,29]],"date-time":"2017-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4218,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Exposure to air pollution and, more specifically, particulate matter (PM) is associated with adverse health effects. However, the specific PM characteristics responsible for biological effects have not been defined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this project we examined the composition, sources, and relative toxicity of samples of PM with aerodynamic diameter \u22652.5 \u03bcm (PM2.5) collected from sites within the Southeastern Aerosol Research and Characterization (SEARCH) air monitoring network during two seasons. These sites represent four areas with differing sources of PM2.5, including local urban versus regional sources, urban areas with different contributions of transportation and industrial sources, and a site influenced by Gulf of Mexico weather patterns.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We collected samples from each site during the winter and summer of 2004 for toxicity testing and for chemical analysis and chemical mass balance\u2013based source apportionment. We also collected PM2.5 downwind of a series of prescribed forest burns. We assessed the toxicity of the samples by instillation into rat lungs and assessed general toxicity, acute cytotoxicity, and inflammation. Statistical dose\u2013response modeling techniques were used to rank the relative toxicity and compare the seasonal differences at each site. Projection-to-latent-surfaces (PLS) techniques examined the relationships among sources, chemical composition, and toxicologic end points.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results and conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Urban sites with high contributions from vehicles and industry were most toxic.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.9234","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,12]],"date-time":"2006-06-12T13:01:24Z","timestamp":1150117284000},"page":"1387-1393","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":149,"title":["Lung Toxicity of Ambient Particulate Matter from Southeastern U.S. Sites with Different Contributing Sources: Relationships between Composition and Effects"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"114","author":[{"given":"JeanClare","family":"Seagrave","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacob D.","family":"McDonald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward","family":"Bedrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric S.","family":"Edgerton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Atmospheric Research and Analysis Inc., Cary, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew P.","family":"Gigliotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John J.","family":"Jansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southern Company, Birmingham, Alabama, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Ke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luke P.","family":"Naeher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven K.","family":"Seilkop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SKS Consulting Services, Siler City, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mei","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joe 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