{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T06:42:49Z","timestamp":1790404969279,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"American Chemical Society (ACS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,29]],"date-time":"2017-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":472,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thyroid hormones are critical for fetal development and growth. Whether prenatal exposure to fine particle air pollution (\u2264 2.5 \u03bcm; PM2.5) affects fetal thyroid function and what the impact is on birth weight in normal healthy pregnancies have not been studied yet.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We studied the impact of third-trimester PM2.5 exposure on fetal and maternal thyroid hormones and their mediating role on birth weight.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We measured the levels of free thyroid hormones (FT3, FT4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in cord blood (n = 499) and maternal blood (n = 431) collected after delivery from mother\u2013child pairs enrolled between February 2010 and June 2014 in the ENVIRONAGE birth cohort with catchment area in the province of Limburg, Belgium.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An interquartile range (IQR) increment (8.2 \u03bcg\/m3) in third-trimester PM2.5 exposure was inversely associated with cord blood TSH levels (\u201311.6%; 95% CI: \u201321.8, \u20130.1) and the FT4\/FT3 ratio (\u201362.7%; 95% CI: \u201391.6, \u201333.8). A 10th\u201390th percentile decrease in cord blood FT4 levels was associated with a 56 g decrease in mean birth weight (95% CI: \u201390, \u201323). Assuming causality, we estimated that cord blood FT4 mediated 21% (\u201319 g; 95% CI: \u201337, \u20131) of the estimated effect of an IQR increment in third-trimester PM2.5 exposure on birth weight. Third-trimester PM2.5 exposure was inversely but not significantly associated with maternal blood FT4 levels collected 1 day after delivery (\u20134.0%, 95% CI: \u20138.0, 0.2 for an IQR increment in third-trimester PM2.5).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In our study population of normal healthy pregnancies, third-trimester exposure to PM2.5 air pollution was associated with differences in fetal thyroid hormone levels that may contribute to reduced birth weight. Additional research is needed to confirm our findings in other populations and to evaluate potential consequences later in life.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Citation:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Janssen BG, Saenen ND, Roels HA, Madhloum N, Gyselaers W, Lefebvre W, Penders J, Vanpoucke C, Vrijens K, Nawrot TS. 2017. Fetal thyroid function, birth weight, and in utero exposure to fine particle air pollution: a birth cohort study. Environ Health Perspect 125:699\u2013705; http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1289\/EHP508<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp508","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,13]],"date-time":"2016-09-13T09:35:50Z","timestamp":1473759350000},"page":"699-705","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":131,"title":["Fetal Thyroid Function, Birth Weight, and\n                    <i>in Utero<\/i>\n                    Exposure to Fine Particle Air Pollution: A Birth Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1021","volume":"125","author":[{"given":"Bram G.","family":"Janssen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nelly D.","family":"Saenen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harry A.","family":"Roels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium"},{"name":"Louvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology (LTAP), Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Narjes","family":"Madhloum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wilfried","family":"Gyselaers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, East-Limburg Hospital, Genk, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wouter","family":"Lefebvre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joris","family":"Penders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Biology, East-Limburg Hospital, Genk, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlotte","family":"Vanpoucke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Belgian Interregional Environment Agency, Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Vrijens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tim S.","family":"Nawrot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Leuven University, Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"316","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"2026080314133468500_micit1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwt141","article-title":"Maternal and cord-blood thyroid hormone levels and exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers and polychlorinated biphenyls during early pregnancy.","volume":"178","author":"Abdelouahab","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026080314133468500_micit2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e161","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0050161","article-title":"Neonatal thyroid function in Seveso 25 years after maternal exposure to dioxin.","volume":"5","author":"Baccarelli","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026080314133468500_micit3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199805000-00010","article-title":"Permeability of human placenta and fetal membranes to thyrotropin-stimulating hormone in vitro.","volume":"43","author":"Bajoria","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026080314133468500_micit4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3717","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-1784","article-title":"Lower free thyroxin associates with a less favorable metabolic phenotype in healthy pregnant women.","volume":"96","author":"Bassols","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026080314133468500_micit5","first-page":"232","article-title":"Maternal hypothyroidism may affect fetal growth and neonatal thyroid function.","volume":"102","author":"Blazer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"16","key":"2026080314133468500_micit6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199410203311608","article-title":"Maternal and fetal thyroid function.","volume":"331","author":"Burrow","year":"1994","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026080314133468500_micit7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1768","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.87.4.8434","article-title":"Fetal tissues are exposed to biologically relevant free thyroxine concentrations during early phases of development.","volume":"87","author":"Calvo","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026080314133468500_micit8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1014","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0412.2001.801108.x","article-title":"Influences of perinatal factors on cord blood thyroid-stimulating hormone level.","volume":"80","author":"Chan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"2026080314133468500_micit9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"f441","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f441","article-title":"Impact of a stepwise introduction of smoke-free legislation on the rate of preterm births: analysis of routinely collected birth data.","volume":"346","author":"Cox","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026080314133468500_micit10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2004.03.001","article-title":"The regulation of thyroid function during normal pregnancy: importance of the iodine nutrition status.","volume":"18","author":"Glinoer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026080314133468500_micit11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.46.107","article-title":"Effect of nicotine on type 2 deiodinase activity in cultured rat glial cells.","volume":"46","author":"Gondou","year":"1999","journal-title":"Endocr J"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026080314133468500_micit12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1210\/edrv.22.4.0435","article-title":"Plasma membrane transport of thyroid hormones and its role in thyroid hormone metabolism and bioavailability.","volume":"22","author":"Hennemann","year":"2001","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026080314133468500_micit13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2007.0180","article-title":"Maternal, infant, and delivery factors associated with neonatal thyroid hormone status.","volume":"18","author":"Herbstman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026080314133468500_micit14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-007-0057-1","article-title":"Cadmium, lead, and selenium in cord blood and thyroid hormone status of newborns.","volume":"119","author":"Iijima","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biol Trace Elem Res"},{"issue":"20","key":"2026080314133468500_micit15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4884","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2008.02.043","article-title":"Spatial interpolation of air pollution measurements using CORINE land cover data.","volume":"42","author":"Janssen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Atmos Environ"},{"key":"2026080314133468500_micit16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1346","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1104458","article-title":"Placental mitochondrial DNA content and particulate air pollution during in utero life.","volume":"120","author":"Janssen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"2026080314133468500_micit17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0477(1986)067<0842:AEOSDI>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"An evaluation of summer discomfort in the United States using a relative climatological index.","volume":"7","author":"Kalkstein","year":"1986","journal-title":"Bull Am Meteorol Soc"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026080314133468500_micit18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2015-3559","article-title":"Maternal and birth characteristics are determinants of offspring thyroid function.","volume":"101","author":"Korevaar","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"37","key":"2026080314133468500_micit19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6705","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2011.08.033","article-title":"Validation of the MIMOSA-AURORA-IFDM model chain for policy support: modeling concentrations of elemental carbon in Flanders.","volume":"45","author":"Lefebvre","year":"2011","journal-title":"Atmos Environ"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026080314133468500_micit20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1111\/ppe.12172","article-title":"Maternal thyroid dysfunction during gestation, preterm delivery, and birthweight. The Infancia y Medio Ambiente cohort, Spain.","volume":"29","author":"Le\u00f3n","year":"2015","journal-title":"Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol"},{"key":"2026080314133468500_micit21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-014-0240-0","article-title":"Altered thyroid hormone profile in offspring after exposure to high estradiol environment during the first trimester of pregnancy: a cross-sectional study.","volume":"12","author":"Lv","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"2026080314133468500_micit22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1780","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.10486","article-title":"Association of thyroid hormone concentrations with levels of organochlorine compounds in cord blood of neonates.","volume":"115","author":"Maervoet","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"2026080314133468500_micit23","unstructured":"Maiheu B, Veldeman B, Viaene P, De Ridder K, Lauwaet D, Smeets N, et al\n          . 2013. Identifying the Best Available Large-Scale Concentration Maps for Air Quality in Belgium. Study Commissioned by the Flemish Environment (MIRA) [in Dutch].http:\/\/www.milieurapport.be\/Upload\/main\/0_onderzoeksrapporten\/2013\/Eindrapport_Concentratiekaarten_29_01_2013_TW.pdf [accessed 16 December 2015]."},{"issue":"9","key":"2026080314133468500_micit24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2011.0377","article-title":"Smoking and early pregnancy thyroid hormone and anti-thyroid antibody levels in euthyroid mothers of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986.","volume":"22","author":"M\u00e4nnist\u00f6","year":"2012","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026080314133468500_micit25","first-page":"58","article-title":"Thyroid hormone as a biological amplifier of differentiated trophoblast function in early pregnancy.","volume":"125","author":"Maruo","year":"1991","journal-title":"Acta Endocrinol (Copenh)"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026080314133468500_micit26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2008.02.010","article-title":"The effect of tobacco exposure on maternal and fetal thyroid function.","volume":"140","author":"McDonald","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026080314133468500_micit27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-2420","article-title":"Maternal thyroid hormone parameters during early pregnancy and birth weight: the Generation R Study.","volume":"98","author":"Medici","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026080314133468500_micit28","first-page":"946","article-title":"Low birth weight and preeclampsia in pregnancies complicated by hyperthyroidism.","volume":"84","author":"Millar","year":"1994","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026080314133468500_micit29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2015.0498","article-title":"Maternal mild thyroid hormone insufficiency in early pregnancy and attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder symptoms in children.","volume":"169","author":"Modesto","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"key":"2026080314133468500_micit30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"U25","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.151u025","article-title":"Role of thyroid hormone during early brain development.","volume":"151(suppl 3)","author":"Morreale de Escobar","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"2026080314133468500_micit31","first-page":"39","article-title":"Thyroid function in mothers during the process of normal delivery.","volume":"1","author":"Parate","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026080314133468500_micit32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(13)70192-9","article-title":"Ambient air pollution and low birthweight: a European cohort study (ESCAPE).","volume":"1","author":"Pedersen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet Res Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026080314133468500_micit33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3068","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-1616","article-title":"Central hypothyroidism: pathogenic, diagnostic, and therapeutic challenges.","volume":"97","author":"Persani","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2026080314133468500_micit34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1307456","article-title":"Exposure to fine particulate matter during pregnancy and risk of preterm birth among women in New Jersey, Ohio, and Pennsylvania, 2000\u20132005.","volume":"122","author":"Rappazzo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"2026080314133468500_micit35","first-page":"9","article-title":"Circannual changes in thyroid hormone physiology: the role of cold environmental temperatures.","volume":"54(suppl 2)","author":"Reed","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arctic Med Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026080314133468500_micit36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kww007","article-title":"Placental nitosative stress and exposure to ambient air pollution during gestation: a population study.","volume":"184","author":"Saenen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026080314133468500_micit37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-0380","article-title":"Cigarette smoking during pregnancy is associated with alterations in maternal and fetal thyroid function.","volume":"94","author":"Shields","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026080314133468500_micit38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E934","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-2814","article-title":"Fetal thyroid hormone level at birth is associated with fetal growth.","volume":"96","author":"Shields","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026080314133468500_micit39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2009.0023","article-title":"Thyroid hormone levels associated with active and passive cigarette smoking.","volume":"19","author":"Soldin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"2026080314133468500_micit40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0450(1979)018<0861:TAOSPI>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"The assessment of sultriness. Part I: A temperature-humidity index based on human physiology and clothing science.","volume":"18","author":"Steadman","year":"1979","journal-title":"J Appl Meteor"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026080314133468500_micit41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kft137","article-title":"Mapping acute systemic effects of inhaled particulate matter and ozone: multiorgan gene expression and glucocorticoid activity.","volume":"135","author":"Thomson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Toxicol Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026080314133468500_micit42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199102213240805","article-title":"Maturation of the secretion of thyroid hormone and thyroid-stimulating hormone in the fetus.","volume":"324","author":"Thorpe-Beeston","year":"1991","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026080314133468500_micit43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1037\/a0031034","article-title":"Mediation analysis allowing for exposure\u2013mediator interactions and causal interpretation: theoretical assumptions and implementation with SAS and SPSS macros.","volume":"18","author":"Valeri","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychol Methods"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026080314133468500_micit44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198907063210103","article-title":"Maternal-fetal transfer of thyroxine in congenital hypothyroidism due to a total organification defect or thyroid agenesis.","volume":"321","author":"Vulsma","year":"1989","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026080314133468500_micit45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2096","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI106176","article-title":"The effect of glucocorticoids on thyrotropin secretion.","volume":"48","author":"Wilber","year":"1969","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2026080314133468500_micit46","unstructured":"World Health Organization\n          . 2006. WHO Air Quality Guidelines for Particulate Matter, Ozone, Nitrogen Dioxide and Sulfur Dioxide.http:\/\/www.euro.who.int\/__data\/assets\/pdf_file\/0005\/78638\/E90038.pdf?ua=1 [accessed 26 November 2015]."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026080314133468500_micit47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.52.537","article-title":"Ratio of serum free triiodothyronine to free thyroxine in Graves\u2019 hyperthyroidism and thyrotoxicosis caused by painless thyroiditis.","volume":"52","author":"Yoshimura Noh","year":"2005","journal-title":"Endocr J"}],"container-title":["Environmental Health Perspectives"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/evhpaz\/article-pdf\/125\/4\/699\/66376724\/ehp508.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/evhpaz\/article-pdf\/125\/4\/699\/66376724\/ehp508.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T13:52:55Z","timestamp":1786629175000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/evhpaz\/article-lookup\/doi\/10.1289\/EHP508"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,13]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,13]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1289\/ehp508","relation":{},"ISSN":["0091-6765","1552-9924"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0091-6765","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-9924","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,13]]}}}