{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]],"date-time":"2025-08-29T12:40:05Z","timestamp":1756471205170,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"SMC Media","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>Inferior vena cava syndrome is rare and often difficult to diagnose because of its rarity and consequent low suspicion.\u00a0 We describe the case of a 28-year-old female patient with a history of nephroblastoma of the right kidney, stage IV, with a favourable histology with epidural metastasis (D5-D9), diagnosed at 3 years of age. The patient underwent treatment with surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The patient suffered from sudden low back pain worsening over 2 weeks, with progressive inability to walk. The pain radiated to the front of the thighs. Concomitantly, oedema of the lower limbs with cephalocaudal progression was observed. At admission to our institution, the physical examination showed peripheral oedema, abdominal wall venous collaterals, an inability to walk due to low back pain in the supine position, with no neurological deficits. Lumbar MRI showed exuberant epidural venous congestion. The hypothesis of inferior vena cava thrombosis (IVCT) was considered and confirmed by angio-CT. IVCT is prevalent in patients with congenital anomalies of the inferior vena cava, occurring in approximately 60\u201380% of these cases, and most published series on inferior vena cava syndrome refer to thrombotic complications in this subgroup of patients. There are currently no guidelines defined or validated to guide the diagnosis and approach to IVCT. With this case, we would like to draw attention to a rare disease that should be suspected in all patients with inferior vena cava disease, whether resulting from congenital disease or after surgical procedures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.12890\/2020_001628","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,25]],"date-time":"2021-05-25T09:52:37Z","timestamp":1621936357000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Inferior Vena Cava Syndrome: A Rare Complication"],"prefix":"10.12890","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Teresa Gantes","family":"Padr\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital da Luz, Lisbon, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Casimiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital da Luz, Lisbon, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Augusto","family":"Gaspar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Hospital da Luz, Lisbon, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anabela","family":"Raimundo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital da Luz, Lisbon, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"10397","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.12890\/2020_001628_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"<li>Alkhouli M, Morad M, Narins CR, Raza F, Bashir R. Inferior vena cava thrombosis. <em>JACC Cardiovasc Interv<\/em> 2016;<strong>9<\/strong>(7):629\u2013643.<\/li>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2015.12.268"},{"key":"10.12890\/2020_001628_ref2","unstructured":"<li>Paulino AC. Wilms tumor. [Updated 2020 May 21]. Available from: https:\/\/emedicine.medscape.com\/article\/989398-overview#a6.<\/li>"},{"key":"10.12890\/2020_001628_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"<li>McAree BJ, O\u2019Donnell ME, Fitzmaurice GJ, Reid JA, Spence RA, Lee B. Inferior vena cava thrombosis: a review of current practice. <em>Vasc Med<\/em> 2013;<strong>18<\/strong>:32\u201343.<\/li>","DOI":"10.1177\/1358863X12471967"},{"key":"10.12890\/2020_001628_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"<li>Gayer G, Luboshitz J, Hertz M, Zissin R, Thaler M, Lubetsky A, et al. Congenital anomalies of the inferior vena cava revealed on CT in patients with deep vein thrombosis. <em>AJR Am J Roentgenol<\/em> 2003;<strong>180<\/strong>:729\u2013732.<\/li>","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.180.3.1800729"},{"key":"10.12890\/2020_001628_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"<li>Paksoy Y, Gormus N. Epidural venous plexus enlargements presenting with radiculopathy and back pain in patients with inferior vena cava obstruction or occlusion. <em>Spine (Phila Pa 1976)<\/em> 2004;<strong>29<\/strong>(21):2419\u20132424.<\/li>","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000144354.36449.2f"},{"key":"10.12890\/2020_001628_ref6","unstructured":"<li>Chintagumpala M, Muscal JA. Treatment and prognosis of Wilms tumor. UpToDate 2019. Available from: https:\/\/www.uptodate.com\/contents\/treatment-and-prognosis-of-wilms-tumor.<\/li>"},{"key":"10.12890\/2020_001628_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"<li>Termuhlen AM, Tersak JM, Liu Q, Yasui Y, Stovall M, et al. Twenty-five year follow-up of childhood Wilms tumor: a report from the childhood cancer survivor study. <em>Pediatr Blood Cancer<\/em> 2011;<strong>57<\/strong>(7):1210-6.<\/li>","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.23090"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Case Reports in Internal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ejcrim.com\/index.php\/EJCRIM\/article\/download\/1628\/2391","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ejcrim.com\/index.php\/EJCRIM\/article\/download\/1628\/2399","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ejcrim.com\/index.php\/EJCRIM\/article\/download\/1628\/2391","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]],"date-time":"2025-08-29T12:17:21Z","timestamp":1756469841000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ejcrim.com\/index.php\/EJCRIM\/article\/view\/1628"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,15]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12890\/2020_001628","relation":{"has-manifestation":[{"id-type":"other","id":"1-65-1628-g2391","asserted-by":"subject"},{"id-type":"other","id":"1-65-1628-g2399","asserted-by":"subject"}],"is-part-of":[{"id-type":"other","id":"1-65","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"ISSN":["2284-2594"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2284-2594"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,15]]},"article-number":"33"}}