{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T23:34:21Z","timestamp":1784158461696,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"SMC Media","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>The serological prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) among young adults exceeds 90% worldwide. Even though EBV primary infection is usually benign, severe complications can occur in adolescents and young adults and so the disease must be promptly diagnosed. The development of an oropharyngeal abscess leading to a descending necrotizing mediastinitis (DNM) is exceptional and potentially lethal, so early diagnosis with a CT scan, appropriate antibiotics and surgery are essential.\u00a0 The authors present a case where DNM was associated with reactive hemophagocytic syndrome as a result of infectious mononucleosis, as well as a review of similar cases in the English literature.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.12890\/2020_001829","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,25]],"date-time":"2021-05-25T09:52:37Z","timestamp":1621936357000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Infectious Mononucleosis Resulting in Acute Necrotizing Mediastinitis: A Case Report and Literature Review"],"prefix":"10.12890","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"H\u00e9lo\u00efse","family":"Van Noten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases Department, C.H.U de Charleroi, Lodelinsart, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Markowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases Department, C.H.U de Charleroi, Lodelinsart, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serge","family":"Cappeliez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardio-Thoracic Surgery Department, C.H.U de Charleroi, Lodelinsart, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soraya","family":"Cherifi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases Department, C.H.U de Charleroi, Lodelinsart, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10397","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.12890\/2020_001829_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"<li>Tattevin P, Le Tulzo Y, Minjolle S, Person A, Chapplain JM, Arvieux C, et al. Increasing incidence of severe Epstein-Barr virus-related infectious mononucleosis: surveillance study. <em>J Clin Microbiol<\/em> 2006;<strong>44<strong>(5):1873\u20131874.<\/li>","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.44.5.1873-1874.2006"},{"key":"10.12890\/2020_001829_ref2","unstructured":"<li>Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett\u2019s principles and practices of infectious diseases. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Churchill Livingstone; 2015."},{"key":"10.12890\/2020_001829_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"<li>Hagelskjaer Kristensen L, Prag J. Human necrobacillosis, with emphasis on Lemierre's syndrome. <em>Clin Infect Dis<\/em> 2000;<strong>31<strong>(2):524\u2013532.<\/li>","DOI":"10.1086\/313970"},{"key":"10.12890\/2020_001829_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"<li>Fardet L, Galicier L, Lambotte O, Marzac C, Aumont C, Chahwan D, et al. Development and validation of the HScore, a score for the diagnosis of reactive hemophagocytic syndrome. <em>Arthritis Rheumatol<\/em> 2014;<strong>66<strong>(9):2613\u20132620.<\/li>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38690"},{"key":"10.12890\/2020_001829_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"<li>Fisman DN. Hemophagocytic syndromes and infection. <em>Emerg Infect Dis<\/em> 2000<strong>6<strong>(6):601\u2013608.<\/li>","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0606.000608"},{"key":"10.12890\/2020_001829_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"<li>Kopec SE, Irwin RS, Mello CJ, Umali CB. Bilateral anaerobic empyemas complicating infectious mononucleosis. <em>Chest 1997;<strong>112<strong>(3):833-835.<\/li>","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.112.3.833"},{"key":"10.12890\/2020_001829_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"<li>Andrianakis IA, Kotanidou AN, Pitaridis MT, et al. Life-threatening bilateral empyema and mediastinitis complicating infectious mononucleosis. <em>Intensive Care Med<\/em> 2002;<strong>28<strong>(5):663-664.<\/li>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-002-1270-1"},{"key":"10.12890\/2020_001829_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"<li>Chandak TR, Wong P, Hussain E, Kim A. Fulminant descending mediastinitis, bilateral empyema and respiratory failure: a rare complication of infectious mononucleosis (IM). <em>Am J Respir Crit Care Med<\/em> 2011;<strong>183<strong>;2011:A5703.<\/li>","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm-conference.2011.183.1_MeetingAbstracts.A5703"},{"key":"10.12890\/2020_001829_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"<li>Nguyen D-V, Kenny J-E, Chin M, Chapman JM, Chung J, Kirsch C et al. A sore throat complicated by pneumomediastinum. <em>Am J Respir Crit Care Med<\/em> 2012;<strong>185<strong>;2012:A5946.<\/li>","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm-conference.2012.185.1_MeetingAbstracts.A5946"},{"key":"10.12890\/2020_001829_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"<li>Geerts JW, van Driel EM, Janssen MJ. Descending mediastinitis in Epstein-Barr virus infection. <em>J Clin Microbiol<\/em> 2015;<strong>53<strong>(5):1781-1782.<\/li>","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.03578-14"},{"key":"10.12890\/2020_001829_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"<li>Lloyd T, Tran VK. Acute Mediastinitis as a Complication of Epstein-Barr Virus. <em>CJEM<\/em> 2016;<strong>18<strong>(2):149-151.<\/li>","DOI":"10.1017\/cem.2015.30"},{"key":"10.12890\/2020_001829_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"<li>Clotet S, Matas L, Pomar V, Casademont J. Acute mediastinitis as a rare complication of an infectious mononucleosis. <em>Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin<\/em> 2018;<strong>36<strong>:602-603.<\/li>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eimce.2018.07.001"},{"key":"10.12890\/2020_001829_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"<li>Fuller GW, Rao JN. Fulminant descending mediastinitis secondary to infectious mononucleosis. <em>J Surg Case Rep<\/em> 2018;<strong>2018<strong>(8):rjy203. 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