{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T19:39:33Z","timestamp":1775072373128,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"SMC Media","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>Giant cell arteritis is the most common type of systemic vasculitis. An increased risk of venous thromboembolism has been described in these patients. We report the case of a 79-year-old woman with a history of polymyalgia rheumatica, who presented with left thoracic pain radiating to the neck and scapula plus temporal headache. She had no changes on physical examination, but work-up tests showed increased D-dimer levels and computed tomography pulmonary angiography revealed signs of a chronic\/subacute embolism in the right inferior lobe. Anticoagulation with edoxaban was started after 5-day bridging with enoxaparin. Three weeks after the initial diagnosis the headache still persisted and she developed scalp tenderness. Giant cell arteritis was diagnosed and treated with prednisolone, with complete resolution of symptoms. Extensive diagnostic work-up was performed to identify an alternative cause of pulmonary thromboembolism; however, the investigations were negative. This case supports the hypothesis that this type of vasculitis could be related to the occurrence of pulmonary embolism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.12890\/2022_003028","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,7]],"date-time":"2022-02-07T04:07:54Z","timestamp":1644206874000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Do We Have a Culprit? An Association of Giant Cell Arteritis with Pulmonary Embolism"],"prefix":"10.12890","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Carolina","family":"Miguel Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Hospitalar de Leiria, Leiria, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Neves Tavares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Hospitalar de Leiria, Leiria, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F\u00e1tima","family":"Saraiva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Hospitalar de Leiria, Leiria, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Morais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Hospitalar de Leiria, Leiria, Portugal; ciTechCare \u2013 Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology, Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Jesus","family":"Banza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Hospitalar de Leiria, Leiria, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"10397","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.12890\/2022_003028_ref1","unstructured":"<li>Konstantinides SV, Meyer G, Becattini C, Bueno H, Geersing GJ, Harjola VP, et al. 2019 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of acute pulmonary embolism developed in collaboration with the European Respiratory Society (ERS). <em>Eur Heart J<\/em> 2020;<strong>41<\/strong>(4):543\u2013603.<\/li>"},{"key":"10.12890\/2022_003028_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"<li>Sait MR, Lepore M, Kwasnicki R, Allington J, Balasubramanian R, Somasundaram SK, et al. The 2016 revised ACR criteria for diagnosis of giant cell arteritis \u2013 our case series: can this avoid unnecessary temporal artery biopsies?<em> Int J Surg Open<\/em> 2017;<strong>9<\/strong>:19\u201323.<\/li>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijso.2017.09.003"},{"key":"10.12890\/2022_003028_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"<li>Guida A, Tufano A, Perna P, Moscato P, De Donato MT, Finelli R, et al. The thromboembolic risk in giant cell arteritis: a critical review of the literature.<em> Int J Rheumatol<\/em> 2014;<strong>2014<\/strong>:806402.<\/li>","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/806402"},{"key":"10.12890\/2022_003028_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"<li>Avi\u00f1a-Zubieta JA, Bhole VM, Amiri N, Sayre EC, Choi HK. The risk of deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in giant cell arteritis: a general population-based study. <em>Ann Rheum Dis<\/em> 2016;<strong>75<\/strong>(1):148\u2013154.<\/li>","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-205665"},{"key":"10.12890\/2022_003028_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"<li>Novikov P, Makarov E, Moiseev S, Meshkov A, Strizhakov L. Venous thromboembolic events in systemic vasculitis. <em>Ann Rheum Dis<\/em> 2015;<strong>74<\/strong>(3):e27.<\/li>","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-206849"},{"key":"10.12890\/2022_003028_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"<li>Lo Gullo A, Koster MJ, Crowson CS, Makol A, Ytterberg SR, Saitta A, et al. Venous thromboembolism and cerebrovascular events in patients with giant cell arteritis: a population-based retrospective cohort study. <em>PLoS One<\/em> 2016;<strong>11<\/strong>(2):e0149579.<\/li>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0149579"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Case Reports in Internal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ejcrim.com\/index.php\/EJCRIM\/article\/download\/3028\/2983","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ejcrim.com\/index.php\/EJCRIM\/article\/download\/3028\/2984","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ejcrim.com\/index.php\/EJCRIM\/article\/download\/3028\/2984","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T12:00:52Z","timestamp":1755864052000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ejcrim.com\/index.php\/EJCRIM\/article\/view\/3028"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,31]]},"references-count":6,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12890\/2022_003028","relation":{"has-manifestation":[{"id-type":"other","id":"1-81-3028-g2983","asserted-by":"subject"},{"id-type":"other","id":"1-81-3028-g2984","asserted-by":"subject"}],"is-part-of":[{"id-type":"other","id":"1-81","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"ISSN":["2284-2594"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2284-2594","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,31]]},"article-number":"2"}}