{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T16:15:49Z","timestamp":1762272949729,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"SMC Media","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>Secondary bacterial pneumonia infection is frequent in COVID-19 patients. Nocardia are responsible for opportunistic pulmonary infections especially after steroid treatment. We describe a case of pulmonary nocardiosis following critical COVID-19 pneumonia in an 83-year-old male. Two weeks after initiation of dexamethasone 6 mg\/L, the patient developed a new episode of acute dyspnea. The sputum cultures identified Nocardia cyriacigeorgica. In spite of intravenous imipenem and cotrimoxazole treatment the patient died. Physicians should be aware of the possibility of nocardiosis in case of deterioration of respiratory status of severe COVID-19 inpatients and perform Nocardia evaluation. This evaluation requires prolonged culture.\u00a0<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.12890\/2022_003477","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,23]],"date-time":"2022-08-23T03:29:30Z","timestamp":1661225370000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Pulmonary Nocardiosis as an Opportunistic Infection in COVID-19"],"prefix":"10.12890","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Marc","family":"Laplace","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, H\u00f4pitaux Civils de Colmar, Colmar, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Flamand","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, H\u00f4pitaux Civils de Colmar, Colmar, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ciprian","family":"Ion","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, H\u00f4pitaux Civils de Colmar, Colmar, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Gravier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, H\u00f4pitaux Civils de Colmar, Colmar, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahsa","family":"Mohseni-Zadeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, H\u00f4pitaux Civils de Colmar, Colmar, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dominique","family":"Debriel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, H\u00f4pitaux Civils de Colmar, Colmar, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Augereau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, H\u00f4pitaux Civils de Colmar, Colmar, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guillaume","family":"Gregorowicz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, H\u00f4pitaux Civils de Colmar, Colmar, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Martinot","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, H\u00f4pitaux Civils de Colmar, Colmar, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"10397","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.12890\/2022_003477_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"<li>Chong WH, Saha BK, Ananthakrishnan R, Chopra A. State-of-the-art review of secondary pulmonary infections in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. <em>Infection<\/em> 2021;<strong>49<\/strong>(4):591-605. doi:10.1007\/s15010-021-01602-z.<\/li>","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-021-01602-z"},{"key":"10.12890\/2022_003477_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"<li>Atemnkeng F, Ducey J, Khalil A, Elemam A, Diaz K. Diagnosing disseminated nocardiosis in a patient with COVID-19 pneumonia. <em>J Med Cases<\/em> 2021;<strong>12<\/strong>(8):319-24. doi:10.14740\/jmc3716.<\/li>","DOI":"10.14740\/jmc3716"},{"key":"10.12890\/2022_003477_ref3","unstructured":"<li>Colaneri M, Lupi M, Sachs M, Ludovisi S, Di Matteo A, Pagnucco L et al. A challenging case of SARS-CoV-2- AIDS and Nocardiosis coinfection from the S. Matteo COVID-19 REgistry (SMACORE). <em>New Microbiol<\/em> 2021;<strong>44<\/strong>(2):129-34. <\/li>"},{"key":"10.12890\/2022_003477_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"<li>Arif M, Talon A, Sarma H, Munoz J, Charley E. Nocardia after COVID-19 infection. <em>Chest<\/em> 2021;<strong>160<\/strong>(4):A429. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chest.2021.07.424.<\/li>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.07.424"},{"key":"10.12890\/2022_003477_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"<li>Driscoll S, Carroll WD, Nichani S, Fishwick R, Bakewell K, Gilchrist FJ. COVID-19 infection and nocardiosis causing the death of an adolescent with cystic fibrosis. <em>Pediatr Pulmonol<\/em> 2022. doi:10.1002\/ppul.25954.<\/li>","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.25954"},{"key":"10.12890\/2022_003477_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"<li>Duggal SD, Chugh TD. Nocardiosis: a neglected disease. <em>Med Princ Pract<\/em> 2020;29(6):514-23. doi:10.1159\/000508717.<\/li>","DOI":"10.1159\/000508717"},{"key":"10.12890\/2022_003477_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"<li>Martinez-Barricarte R. Isolated nocardiosis, an unrecognized primary immunodeficiency? <em>Front Immunol<\/em> 2020;<strong>11<\/strong>:590239. doi:10.3389\/fimmu.2020.590239.<\/li>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.590239"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Case Reports in Internal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ejcrim.com\/index.php\/EJCRIM\/article\/download\/3477\/3192","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ejcrim.com\/index.php\/EJCRIM\/article\/download\/3477\/3193","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ejcrim.com\/index.php\/EJCRIM\/article\/download\/3477\/3193","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T09:24:00Z","timestamp":1755854640000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ejcrim.com\/index.php\/EJCRIM\/article\/view\/3477"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12890\/2022_003477","relation":{"has-manifestation":[{"id-type":"other","id":"1-89-3477-g3192","asserted-by":"subject"},{"id-type":"other","id":"1-89-3477-g3193","asserted-by":"subject"}],"is-part-of":[{"id-type":"other","id":"1-89","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"ISSN":["2284-2594"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2284-2594"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]]}}}