{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T17:25:09Z","timestamp":1790270709457,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"SMC Media","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>Addison\u2019s disease is a rare, autoimmune condition leading to the destruction of the adrenal gland. Autoimmune conditions are known to commonly co-occur. When Addison\u2019s disease presents in the setting of autoimmune thyroid disease and\/or type 1 diabetes, this condition is termed autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type II, a rare endocrinopathy found in roughly 1.4-4.5 per 100,000 individuals. Here, we describe a clinical case presenting with hypotension refractory to fluid resuscitation and electrolyte derangements later diagnosed as autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type II.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.12890\/2024_004627","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,28]],"date-time":"2024-05-28T04:48:00Z","timestamp":1716871680000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A silent cause of shock: autoimmune polyglandular syndromes"],"prefix":"10.12890","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Mark","family":"Colantonio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Hartzell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brooke","family":"Shannon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Apoorva","family":"Iyer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Morgantown, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10397","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.12890\/2024_004627_ref1","unstructured":"<li>Anaya JM, Shoenfeld Y, Rojas-Villarraga A, Levy RA, Cervera R. Autoimmunity: from bench to bedside. First edition. Bogota, Colombia: Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, El Rosario University; 2013. <\/li>"},{"key":"10.12890\/2024_004627_ref2","unstructured":"<li>Huecker MR, Bhutta BS, Dominique E. Adrenal Insufficiency. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 [cited 2024 May 10]. Available from: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK441832\/<\/li>"},{"key":"10.12890\/2024_004627_ref3","unstructured":"<li>Michels A, Michels N. Addison disease: early detection and treatment principles. <em>Am Fam Physician<\/em> 2014;<strong>89<\/strong>:563\u2013568. <\/li>"},{"key":"10.12890\/2024_004627_ref4","unstructured":"<li>Alexandraki KI, Grossman A. Diagnosis and Management of Adrenal Insufficiency. In: Feingold KR, Anawalt B, Blackman MR, Boyce A, Chrousos G, Corpas E, et al., editors. Endotext [Internet]. South Dartmouth (MA): MDText.com, Inc.; 2000 [cited 2024 May 10]. Available from: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK279122\/<\/li>"},{"key":"10.12890\/2024_004627_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"<li>Burke CW. Adrenocortical insufficiency. <em>Clin Endocrinol Metab.<\/em> 1985 Nov;<strong>14<\/strong>(4):947\u201376. <\/li>","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-595X(85)80084-0"},{"key":"10.12890\/2024_004627_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"<li>Mathara Diddhenipothage SAD, Beck KJ, Loo H, Amiyangoda GK, Pofi R, Tomlinson JW, et al. \u201cA morning cortisol is the most effective clinical predictor of short synacthen test outcome\u201d: A tertiary care centre experience. <em>Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)<\/em> 2023;<strong>99<\/strong>:142\u201351. <\/li>","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.14934"},{"key":"10.12890\/2024_004627_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"<li>Fragoso Perozo AFD, Fontes R, Lopes FP, Ara\u00fajo PB, Scrank Y, Gomes DMV, et al. Morning serum cortisol role in the adrenal insufficiency diagnosis with modern cortisol assays. <em>J Endocrinol Invest<\/em> 2023;<strong>46<\/strong>:2115\u20132124. <\/li>","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-023-02062-y"},{"key":"10.12890\/2024_004627_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"<li>Le Roux CW, Meeran K, Alaghband-Zadeh J. Is a 0900-h serum cortisol useful prior to a short synacthen test in outpatient assessment? <em>Ann Clin Biochem<\/em> 2002;<strong>39<\/strong>:148\u201350. <\/li>","DOI":"10.1258\/0004563021901919"},{"key":"10.12890\/2024_004627_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"<li>Pazderska A, Pearce SH. Adrenal insufficiency - recognition and management. <em>Clin Med Lond Engl<\/em> 2017;<strong>17<\/strong>:258\u2013262. <\/li>","DOI":"10.7861\/clinmedicine.17-3-258"},{"key":"10.12890\/2024_004627_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"<li>Bornstein SR, Allolio B, Arlt W, Barthel A, Don-Wauchope A, Hammer GD, et al. Diagnosis and Treatment of Primary Adrenal Insufficiency: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline. <em>J Clin Endocrinol Metab<\/em> 2016;<strong>101<\/strong>:364\u201389. <\/li>","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2015-1710"},{"key":"10.12890\/2024_004627_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"<li>Betterle C, Lazzarotto F, Presotto F. Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome Type 2: the tip of an iceberg? <em>Clin Exp Immunol<\/em> 2004;<strong>137<\/strong>:225\u2013233. <\/li>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2004.02561.x"},{"key":"10.12890\/2024_004627_ref12","unstructured":"<li>Elshimy G, Chippa V, Kaur J, Jeong JM. Adrenal Crisis. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 [cited 2024 May 10]. Available from: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK499968\/<\/li>"},{"key":"10.12890\/2024_004627_ref13","unstructured":"<li>Majeroni BA, Patel P. Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome, type II. <em>Am Fam Physician<\/em> 2007;<strong>75<\/strong>:667\u201370. <\/li>"},{"key":"10.12890\/2024_004627_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"<li>Nelson LM, Anasti JN, Kimzey LM, Defensor RA, Lipetz KJ, White BJ, et al. Development of luteinized graafian follicles in patients with karyotypically normal spontaneous premature ovarian failure. <em>J Clin Endocrinol Metab<\/em> 1994;<strong>79<\/strong>:1470\u20131475. <\/li>","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.79.5.7962345"},{"key":"10.12890\/2024_004627_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"<li>Morrissey K, Winkel C, Hild S, Premkumar A, Stratton P. Struma ovarii coincident with Hashimoto\u2019s thyroiditis: an unusual cause of hyperthyroidism. <em>Fertil Steril<\/em> 2007;<strong>88<\/strong>:497.e15-17. <\/li>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2006.11.095"},{"key":"10.12890\/2024_004627_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"<li>Dulcey I, C\u00e9spedes MU, Ballesteros JL, Preda O, Aneiros-Fern\u00e1ndez J, Clavero PA, et al. Necrotic mature ovarian teratoma associated with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis. <em>Pathol Res Pract<\/em> 2012;<strong>208<\/strong>:497\u2013500. <\/li>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prp.2012.05.018"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Case Reports in Internal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ejcrim.com\/index.php\/EJCRIM\/article\/download\/4627\/4031","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ejcrim.com\/index.php\/EJCRIM\/article\/download\/4627\/4032","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ejcrim.com\/index.php\/EJCRIM\/article\/download\/4627\/4032","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]],"date-time":"2025-08-19T10:26:44Z","timestamp":1755599204000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ejcrim.com\/index.php\/EJCRIM\/article\/view\/4627"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,27]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12890\/2024_004627","relation":{"has-manifestation":[{"id-type":"other","id":"1-113-4627-g4031","asserted-by":"subject"},{"id-type":"other","id":"1-113-4627-g4032","asserted-by":"subject"}],"is-part-of":[{"id-type":"other","id":"1-113","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"ISSN":["2284-2594"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2284-2594","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,27]]}}}