{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T14:09:47Z","timestamp":1762524587013,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"SMC Media","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background:\u00a0Cryptococcosis is an opportunistic fungal infection that causes disseminated disease in immunocompromised patients. Peritoneal involvement is rare and diagnostically challenging. Case report:\u00a0A 76-year-old man with Crohn\u2019s disease on infliximab and previously treated latent tuberculosis was admitted with constitutional symptoms and abdominal distention evolving over 5 months. Ultrasound revealed bilateral pleural effusion and ascites. Initial hypotheses\u2014peritoneal carcinomatosis and tuberculosis\u2014were excluded through computed tomography scan, laboratory tests, and exploratory laparoscopy with biopsy, which showed necrotizing granulomatous peritonitis. Disseminated cryptococcosis was confirmed by India ink staining, cultures from peritoneal and pleural fluids, and serum cryptococcal antigen. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis and ophthalmological evaluation excluded central nervous system and ocular involvement. Treatment with liposomal amphotericin B and flucytosine led to clinical improvement. Conclusion:\u00a0This case highlights the importance of considering cryptococcosis in the differential diagnosis of polyserositis in immunocompromised patients. Early diagnosis and antifungal therapy improve outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.12890\/2025_005875","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T08:55:04Z","timestamp":1761209704000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Disseminated cryptococcosis: a diagnostic challenge in an immunocompromised patient"],"prefix":"10.12890","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-9867-4526","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula","family":"Mesquita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Service, Local Health Unit of the Aveiro Region, Aveiro, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-9978-4787","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela","family":"Ribeiro Alves","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Service, Local Health Unit of the Aveiro Region, Aveiro, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5272-7832","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joana","family":"Martinez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Service, Local Health Unit of the Aveiro Region, Aveiro, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M\u00f3nica","family":"Mata","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Service, Local Health Unit of the Aveiro Region, Aveiro, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9781-4259","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Micaela","family":"Martins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Service, Local Health Unit of the Aveiro Region, Aveiro, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9264-190X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Fonseca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Service, Local Health Unit of the Aveiro Region, Aveiro, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"10397","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.12890\/2025_005875_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gupta G, Fries BC. 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