{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T19:56:51Z","timestamp":1783367811984,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"SMC Media","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,26]],"date-time":"2026-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769385600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background:\u00a0Listeria innocua\u00a0is widely distributed in the natural environment and food products. Human infections caused by\u00a0L. innocua\u00a0are extremely rare, with only approximately 5 cases reported globally over the past three decades (1990-2025). Case report:\u00a0We report a case of a 74-year-old female with a history of poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus (HbA1c 9.88%) and hypertension, who was admitted with headache, low-grade fever, and progressive altered mental status over 5 days. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed pleocytosis. Both blood cultures (two sets) and the cerebrospinal fluid culture were positive for\u00a0L. innocua, identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption\/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. Despite an epidemiological investigation, the source of infection could not be determined. Initial treatment with ceftriaxone for 3 days failed with no clinical improvement. The patient was successfully treated with ampicillin for 49 days after culture results and antibiotic susceptibility testing became available. Cerebrospinal fluid parameters were normalized, and the patient was discharged after a 49-day treatment. Conclusion:\u00a0This is a rare case of bacteraemia with meningitis caused by\u00a0L. innocua\u00a0in an elderly diabetic patient. The case emphasizes the importance of awareness of the pathogenic potential of\u00a0L. innocua\u00a0in immunocompromised patients, and the need to add ampicillin to empiric antibiotic regimens for meningitis in high-risk groups (age &gt;65, diabetes mellitus, cancer, or immunosuppression).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.12890\/2026_006142","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,26]],"date-time":"2026-01-26T13:54:52Z","timestamp":1769435692000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Bacteraemia with meningitis caused by Listeria innocua of unknown source in an elderly patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a case report and literature review"],"prefix":"10.12890","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Quoc Phuong","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam; National Hospital of Tropical Diseases, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thi Thuy","family":"Bui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Hospital of Tropical Diseases, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Van Duong","family":"Dang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Hospital of Tropical Diseases, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thi Hai Yen","family":"Doan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tam Anh General Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Van Duyet","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam; National Hospital of Tropical Diseases, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Van Hung","family":"Nghiem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10397","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.12890\/2026_006142_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Orsi RH, Liao J, Carlin CR, Wiedmann M. 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Elife 2022;11:e72071. doi: 10.7554\/eLife.72071","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.72071"},{"key":"10.12890\/2026_006142_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"European Food Safety Authority and European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (EFSA and ECDC). The European Union One Health 2018 Zoonoses Report. EFSA J 2019;17:e05926. doi: 10.2903\/j.efsa.2019.5926","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2019.5926"},{"key":"10.12890\/2026_006142_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Seeliger HP. Apathogene listerien: L. innocua sp. n. (Seeliger et Schoofs, 1977) [Nonpathogenic listeriae: L. innocua sp. n. (Seeliger et Schoofs, 1977) (author\u2019s transl)]. Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg A Med Mikrobiol Infekt Parasitol 1981;249:487-493. German. doi:10.1016\/S0174-3031(81)80108-4","DOI":"10.1016\/S0174-3031(81)80108-4"},{"key":"10.12890\/2026_006142_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Perrin M, Bemer M, Delamare C. Fatal case of Listeria innocua bacteremia. J Clin Microbiol 2003;41:5308-5309. doi: 10.1128\/JCM.41.11.5308-5309.2003","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.11.5308-5309.2003"},{"key":"10.12890\/2026_006142_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Favaro M, Sarmati L, Sancesario G, Fontana C. First case of Listeria innocua meningitis in a patient on steroids and eternecept. JMM case reports 2014;1:e003103. doi: 10.1099\/jmmcr.0.003103","DOI":"10.1099\/jmmcr.0.003103"},{"key":"10.12890\/2026_006142_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Karli A, Sensoy G, Unal N, Yanik K, Cigdem H, Belet N, et al. Ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection with Listeria innocua. Pediatr Int 2014;56:621-623. doi: 10.1111\/ped.12302","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.12302"},{"key":"10.12890\/2026_006142_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liao Y, Liu L, Zhou H, Fang F, Liu X. Case Report: Refractory Listeria innocua Meningoencephalitis in a Three-Year-Old Boy. 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