{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T02:37:09Z","timestamp":1767839829568,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Japanese Society of Veterinary Science","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Vet. Med. Sci.","The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010]]},"DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.10-0052","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,7]],"date-time":"2010-05-07T02:30:17Z","timestamp":1273199417000},"page":"1283-1288","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Consecutive Excretion of Mycobacterium avium Subspecies paratuberculosis in Semen of a Breeding Bull Compared to the Distribution in Feces, Tissue and Blood by IS900 and F57 Quantitative Real-Time PCR and Culture Examinations"],"prefix":"10.1292","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"Johannes L.","family":"KHOL","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Ruminants, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Petr","family":"KRALIK","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Research Institute Brno, Department of Food and Feed Safety"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Iva","family":"SLANA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Research Institute Brno, Department of Food and Feed Safety"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vladimir","family":"BERAN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Research Institute Brno, Department of Food and Feed Safety"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"AURICH","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Artificial Insemination and Embryo Transfer, Department for Companion Animals and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Walter","family":"BAUMGARTNER","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Ruminants, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ivo","family":"PAVLIK","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Research Institute Brno, Department of Food and Feed Safety"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"122","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"1. Antognoli, M. C., Garry, F. B., Hirst, H. L., Lombard, J. E., Dennis, M. M., Gould, D. H. and Salman, M. D. 2008. Characterization of <i>Mycobacterium avium<\/i> subspecies <i>paratuberculosis<\/i> disseminated infection in dairy cattle and its association with antemortem test results. Vet. Microbiol. 127: 300-308.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2007.08.017"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"2. Ayele, W. Y., Bartos, M., Svastova, P. and Pavlik, I. 2004. Distribution of <i>Mycobacterium aviu<\/i>m subsp. <i>paratuberculosis<\/i> in organs of natural infected bull-calves and breeding bulls. Vet. Microbiol. 103: 209-217.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2004.07.011"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"3. Ayele, W. Y., Machackova, M. and Pavlik, I. 2001. The transmission and impact of paratuberculosis infection in domestic and wild ruminants. Vet. Medicina. 46: 205-224.","DOI":"10.17221\/7878-VETMED"},{"key":"4","unstructured":"4. Barth, A. D. and Waldner, C. L. 2004. Factors affecting breeding soundness classification of beef bulls examined at the Western College of Veterinary Medicine. Can. Vet. J. 43: 274-284."},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"5. Bolton, M. W., Grooms, D. L. and Kaneene, J. B. 2005. Fecal shedding of <i>Mycobacterium avium<\/i> subsp. <i>paratuberculosis<\/i> in calves: implication for disease control and management. pp. 596-600. <i>In<\/i>: Proceedings of 8th Int. Coll. on Parat.","DOI":"10.21423\/aabppro20054829"},{"key":"6","unstructured":"6. Buergelt, C. D., Donovan, G. A. and Williams, J. E. 2004. Identification of <i>Mycobacterium avium<\/i> subspecies <i>paratuberculosis<\/i> by polymerase chain reaction in blood and semen of a bull with clinical paratuberculosis. Intern. J. Appl. Res. Vet. Med. 2: 130-134."},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"7. Buergelt, C. D. and Williams, J. E. 2004. Nested PCR on blood and milk for the detection of <i>Mycobacterium avium<\/i> subsp. <i>paratuberculosis<\/i> DNA in clinical and subclinical bovine paratuberculosis. Aust. Vet. J. 82: 497-503.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.2004.tb11169.x"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"8. Bull, T., Hermon-Taylor, J., Pavlik, I., El-Zaatari, F. and Tizard, M. 2000. Characterisation of IS<i>900<\/i> loci in <i>Mycobacterium avium<\/i> subsp. <i>paratuberculosis<\/i> and development of multiplex PCR typing. Microbiol. 146: 2185-2197.","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-146-9-2185"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"9. Clarke, C. J. 1997. The pathology and pathogenesis of paratuberculosis in ruminants and other species. J. Comp. Pathol. 116: 217-261.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9975(97)80001-1"},{"key":"10","unstructured":"10. Glawischnig, W., Awad-Masalmeh, M., Khasabi, D. and Sch&ouml;nbauer, M. 2004. Nachweis von<i> Mycobacterium avium<\/i> subsp. <i>paratuberculosis<\/i> im Hoden eines klinisch erkrankten Zuchtstiers (<i>Mycobacterium avium<\/i> subsp. <i>paratuberculosis<\/i> in the testis of a subclinically infected breeding bull. Berl. M&uuml;nch. Tier&auml;rztl. Wschr. 117: 136-139 (in German, abstract in English)."},{"key":"11","unstructured":"11. Hirsh, D. C. and Biberstein, E. L. 2004. Mycobacteria. pp. 223-234. <i>In<\/i>: Veterinary Microbiology, 2nd ed. (Hirsh, D. C., MacLachlan, N. J. andWalker, R. L. eds.), Blackwell, Oxford."},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.71.10.6033-6038.2005"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"13. Juste, R. A., Garrido, J. M., Geio, M., Elquezabal, N., Aduriz, G., Atxareandio, R. and Sevilla, I. 2005. Comparison of blood polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of <i>Mycobacterium avium<\/i> subsp. <i>paratuberculosis<\/i> infection in cattle and sheep. J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. 17: 354-359.","DOI":"10.1177\/104063870501700409"},{"key":"14","unstructured":"14. Larsen, A. B. and Kopecky, K. E. 1970. <i>Mycobacterium paratuberculosis<\/i> in reproductive organs and semen of bulls. Am. J. Vet. Res. 31: 255-258."},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"15. Larsen, A. B., Stahlheim, O. H. V., Hughes, D. E., Appel, L. H., Richards, W. D. and Himes, E. M. 1981.<i> Mycobacterium paratuberculosis<\/i> in the semen and fenital organs of a semen-donor bull. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 179: 169-171.","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1981.179.02.169"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"16. Machackova, M., Svastova, P., Lamka, J., Parmova, I., Liska, V., Smolik, J., Fischer, O. A. and Pavlik, I. 2004. Paratuberculosis in farmed and free-living wild ruminants in the Czech Republic (1999-2001). Vet. Microbiol. 101: 225-234.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2004.04.001"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"17. Merkal, R. S., Miller, J. M., Hintz, A. M. and Bryner, J. H. 1982. Intrauterine inoculation of <i>Mycobacterium paratuberculosis<\/i> to guinea pigs and cattle. Am. J. Vet. Res. 23: 676-678.","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1982.43.04.676"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"18. Monaghan, M. L. and Hannan, J. 1983. Abattoir survey of bovine kidney disease. Vet. Rec. 113: 55-57.","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.113.3.55"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2007.10.006"},{"key":"20","unstructured":"20. M&ouml;bius, P., Hotzel, H., Ra&beta;bach, A. and K&ouml;hler, H. 2008. Comparison of 13 single-rounded and nested PCR assays targeting IS900, SMav2, f57 and locus 255 for detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. Vet. Microbiol. 126: 324-333."},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"21. Nielsen, S. S. 2008. Transitions in diagnostic tests used for detection of <i>Mycobacterium avium<\/i> subsp. <i>paratuberculosis<\/i> infections in cattle. Vet. Microbiol. 132: 274-282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2008.05.018"},{"key":"22","unstructured":"22. Nielsen, S. S., Nielsen, K. K., Huda, A., Condron, R. and Collins, M. T. 2001. Diagnostic techniques for paratuberculosis. pp. 5-17. <i>In<\/i>: Bulletin-International Dairy Federation 362\/2001, International Dairy Federation, Brussels."},{"key":"23","unstructured":"23. Nielsen, S. S. and Toft, N. 2008. Ante mortem diagnosis of paratuberculosis: a review of accuracies of ELISA, interferon-&gamma; assay and faecal culture techniques. Vet. Microbiol. 129: 217-235."},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"24. Pagl, R., Aurich, J. E., M&uuml;ller-Schl&ouml;sser, F., Kankofer, M. and Aurich, C. 2006. Comparison of an extender containing defined milk protein fractions with a skim milk-based extender for storage of equine semen at 5&deg;C. Theriogen 66: 1115-1122.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2006.03.006"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"25. Palmer, C. W. 2005. Welfare aspects of theriogenology: investigating alternatives to electroejaculation of bulls. Theriogen 64: 469-479.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2005.05.032"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"26. Pavlik, I., Matlova, L., Bartl, J., Svastova, P., Dvorska, L. and Whitlock, R. 2000. Parallel fecal and organ <i>Mycobacterium avium<\/i> subsp. <i>paratuberculosis<\/i> culture of different productivity types of cattle. Vet. Microbiol. 77: 309-324.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1135(00)00316-3"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"27. Philpott, M. 1993. The danger of disease transmission by artificial insemination and embryo transfer. Br. Vet. J. 149: 339-369.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0007-1935(05)80075-2"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"28. Revell, S. G., Chasey, D., Drew, T. W. and Edwards, S. 1988. Some observations on the semen of bulls persistently infected with bovine virus diarrhoea virus. Vet. Rec. 123: 122-125.","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.123.5.122"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"29. Sivakumar, P., Tripathi, B. N. and Singh, N. 2005. Detection of <i>Mycobacterium avium<\/i> subsp. <i>paratuberculosis<\/i> in intestinal and lymph node tissues of water buffaloes (<i>Bubalis bubalis<\/i>) by PCR and bacterial culture. Vet. Microbiol. 108: 263-270.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2005.04.002"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2008.08.013"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"31. Slana, I., Paolicchi, F., Janstova, B., Navratilova, P. and Pavlik, I. 2008. Detection methods for <i>Mycobacterium avium<\/i> subsp. <i>paratuberculosis<\/i> in milk and milk products: a review. Vet. Med. 53: 283-306.","DOI":"10.17221\/1859-VETMED"},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.71.10.5957-5968.2005"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"33. Whipple, D. L., Callihan, D. R. and Jarnagin, J. L. 1999. Cultivation of <i>M. paratuberculosis<\/i> from bovine faecal specimens and a suggested standardised procedure. J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. 3: 368-373.","DOI":"10.1177\/104063879100300424"},{"key":"34","unstructured":"34. Whitlock, R. 1996. Johne's disease. pp. 899-904. <i>In<\/i>: Large Animal Internal Medicine, 2nd ed. (Smith, B. S. ed.), Mosby, St. Louis."}],"container-title":["Journal of Veterinary Medical Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/jvms\/72\/10\/72_10-0052\/_pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,20]],"date-time":"2025-02-20T17:32:13Z","timestamp":1740072733000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/jvms\/72\/10\/72_10-0052\/_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1292\/jvms.10-0052","relation":{},"ISSN":["0916-7250","1347-7439"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0916-7250","type":"print"},{"value":"1347-7439","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010]]}}}