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Status of Japanese Black Bear. <i>Bears: Their Biology and Management<\/i> 9: 145\u2013148.","DOI":"10.2307\/3872694"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"5. Honda T, Kozakai C.  2020. Mechanisms of human-black bear conflicts in Japan: In preparation for climate change. <i>Sci Total Environ<\/i> 739: 140028.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.140028"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"6. Huggins LG, Atapattu U, Young ND, Traub RJ, Colella V.  2024. Development and validation of a long-read metabarcoding platform for the detection of filarial worm pathogens of animals and humans. <i>BMC Microbiol<\/i> 24: 28.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-023-03159-3"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"7. Kusakisako K, Kaneda N, Kamiharako Y, Haraguchi A, Hakozaki J, Nakayama K, Hasan H, Nakamura S, Shindo J, Ikadai H.  2024. Molecular phylogenetical identification of bear roundworms (<i>Baylisascaris transfuga<\/i>) derived from wild Japanese black bears (<i>Ursus thibetanus japonicus<\/i>) around Lake Towada. <i>J Vet Med Sci<\/i> 86: 951\u2013955.","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.24-0142"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"8. Masatani T, Kojima I, Tashiro M, Yamauchi K, Fukui D, Ichikawa-Seki M, Harasawa R.  2021. Molecular detection of filarial nematode parasites in Japanese black bears (<i>Ursus thibetanus japonicus<\/i>) from Iwate Prefecture, Japan. <i>J Vet Med Sci<\/i> 83: 208\u2013213.","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.20-0466"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"9. Michalski ML, Bain O, Fischer K, Fischer PU, Kumar S, Foster JM.  2010. Identification and phylogenetic analysis of <i>Dirofilaria ursi<\/i> (Nematoda: Filarioidea) from Wisconsin black bears (<i>Ursus americanus<\/i>) and its <i>Wolbachia<\/i> endosymbiont. <i>J Parasitol<\/i> 96: 412\u2013419.","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-2208.1"},{"key":"10","unstructured":"10. Ministry of the Environment. Number of bears permitted to be hunted (preliminary figures) kuma no kyokahokakusu (sokuhouchi) (in Japanese). https:\/\/www.env.go.jp\/nature\/choju\/effort\/effort12\/capture-qe.pdf [accessed on January 4, 2024]."},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"11. Perles L, Dantas-Torres F, Kr\u00fccken J, Morch\u00f3n R, Walochnik J, Otranto D.  2024. Zoonotic dirofilariases: one, no one, or more than one parasite. <i>Trends Parasitol<\/i> 40: 257\u2013270.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2023.12.007"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"12. Tang THT, L\u00f3pez-V\u00e9lez R, Lanza M, Shelley AJ, Rubio JM, Luz SLB.  2010. Nested PCR to detect and distinguish the sympatric filarial species <i>Onchocerca volvulus, Mansonella ozzardi<\/i> and <i>Mansonella perstans<\/i> in the Amazon Region. <i>Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz<\/i> 105: 823\u2013828.","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762010000600016"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"13. Uni S.  1983. Filarial parasites from the black bear of Japan. <i>Ann Parasitol Hum Comp<\/i> 58: 71\u201384.","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/1983581071"},{"key":"14","unstructured":"14. Uni S, Suzuki Y, Harada M, Kimata I, Iseki M.  1995. Prevalence of nematodes in the Asiatic Black Bear, <i>Ursus thibetanus<\/i>, in Central Honshu, Japan, with an amended description of <i>Cercopithifilaria japonica<\/i> [syn. <i>Dipetalonema<\/i> (<i>Chenofilaria<\/i>) <i>japonica<\/i>]. <i>Jpn J Parasitol<\/i> 44: 371\u2013376."},{"key":"15","unstructured":"15. WHO. 1997. Bench Aids for the Diagnosis of Filarial Infections."},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"16. Xie H, Bain O, Williams SA.  1994. Molecular phylogenetic studies on filarial parasites based on 5S ribosomal spacer sequences. <i>Parasite<\/i> 1: 141\u2013151.","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/1994012141"},{"key":"17","unstructured":"17. Yamaguchi S.  1941. Studies on the helminth fauna of Japan. Part 35. Mammalian nematodes II. <i>Jpn J Zool<\/i> 9: 409\u2013439."},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"18. Yokohata Y, Fujita O, Kamiya M, Fujita T, Kaneko K, Ohbayashi M.  1990. 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