{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T13:13:32Z","timestamp":1787490812735,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Japanese Society of Veterinary Science","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Vet. Med. Sci.","The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.25-0361","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T22:08:57Z","timestamp":1769119737000},"page":"485-491","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Significance of monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio as a prognostic factor in canine          urothelial carcinoma: a retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.1292","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Mao","family":"KOMORI","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Pathobiology, Graduate School of              Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mizuki","family":"OGAWA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Medical Center, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life              Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomohiro","family":"YONEZAWA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Pathobiology, Graduate School of              Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuyuki","family":"MOMOI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Pathobiology, Graduate School of              Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shingo","family":"MAEDA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Pathobiology, Graduate School of              Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"122","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"1. Balkwill              F. 2004.            Cancer and the chemokine network. <i>Nat Rev              Cancer<\/i>          4: 540\u2013550.","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc1388"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"2. Bray              JP. 2016.            Soft tissue sarcoma in the dog - part 1: a current          review. <i>J Small Anim Pract<\/i>          57: 510\u2013519.","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.12556"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"3. Camerino              M, Giacobino              D, Iussich              S, Ala              U, Riccardo              F, Cavallo              F, Martano              M, Morello              E, Buracco              P. 2021.            Evaluation of prognostic impact of pre-treatment neutrophil to lymphocyte            and lymphocyte to monocyte ratios in dogs with oral malignant melanoma treated with            surgery and adjuvant CSPG4-antigen electrovaccination: an explorative            study. <i>Vet Comp Oncol<\/i>          19: 353\u2013361.","DOI":"10.1111\/vco.12679"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"4. Carvalho              MI, Pires              I, Prada              J, Greg\u00f3rio              H, Lobo              L, Queiroga              FL. 2016.            Intratumoral FoxP3 expression is associated with angiogenesis and            prognosis in malignant canine mammary tumors. <i>Vet              Immunol Immunopathol<\/i>          178: 1\u20139.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2016.06.006"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"5. Cess              CG, Finley              SD. 2020.            Multi-scale modeling of macrophage-T cell interactions within the tumor            microenvironment. <i>PLOS Comput Biol<\/i>          16: e1008519.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1008519"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"6. Coca              S,                Perez-Piqueras              J, Martinez              D,                Colmenarejo              A, Saez              MA, Vallejo              C, Martos              JA, Moreno              M. 1997.            The prognostic significance of intratumoral natural killer cells in            patients with colorectal carcinoma.            <i>Cancer<\/i>          79: 2320\u20132328.","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19970615)79:12<2320::AID-CNCR5>3.0.CO;2-P"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"7. Dahmani              A, Delisle              JS. 2018.            TGF-\u03b2 in T cell biology: implications for cancer            immunotherapy. <i>Cancers (Basel)<\/i>          10: 194.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers10060194"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"8. Henriques              J, Felisberto              R,                Constantino-Casas              F, Cabe\u00e7adas              J, Dobson              J. 2021.            Peripheral blood cell ratios as prognostic factors in canine diffuse            large B-cell lymphoma treated with CHOP protocol. <i>Vet              Comp Oncol<\/i>          19: 242\u2013252.","DOI":"10.1111\/vco.12668"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"9. Ishigami              S, Natsugoe              S, Tokuda              K, Nakajo              A, Che              X, Iwashige              H, Aridome              K, Hokita              S, Aikou              T. 2000.            Prognostic value of intratumoral natural killer cells in gastric            carcinoma. <i>Cancer<\/i>          88: 577\u2013583.","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(20000201)88:3<577::AID-CNCR13>3.3.CO;2-M"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"10. Knapp              DW, Glickman              NW, Denicola              DB, Bonney              PL, Lin              TL, Glickman              LT. 2000.            Naturally-occurring canine transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary            bladder A relevant model of human invasive bladder cancer.              <i>Urol Oncol<\/i>          5: 47\u201359.","DOI":"10.1016\/S1078-1439(99)00006-X"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"11. Knapp              DW,                Ramos-Vara              JA, Moore              GE, Dhawan              D, Bonney              PL, Young              KE. 2014.            Urinary bladder cancer in dogs, a naturally occurring model for cancer            biology and drug development. <i>ILAR J<\/i>          55: 100\u2013118.","DOI":"10.1093\/ilar\/ilu018"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"12. Kumarasamy              C,                Sabarimurugan              S,                Madurantakam              RM, Lakhotiya              K, Samiappan              S, Baxi              S, Nachimuthu              R, Gothandam              KM, Jayaraj              R. 2019.            Prognostic significance of blood inflammatory biomarkers NLR, PLR, and            LMR in cancer-A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.              <i>Medicine (Baltimore)<\/i>          98: e14834.","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000014834"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"13. Lin              JX, Lin              JP, Xie              JW, Wang              JB, Lu              J, Chen              QY, Cao              LL, Lin              M, Tu              R, Zheng              CH, Huang              CM, Li              P. 2020.            Complete blood count-based inflammatory score (CBCS) is a novel            prognostic marker for gastric cancer patients after curative resection.              <i>BMC Cancer<\/i>          20: 11.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-019-6466-7"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"14. Macci\u00f2              A, Gramignano              G, Cherchi              MC, Tanca              L, Melis              L, Madeddu              C. 2020.            Role of M1-polarized tumor-associated macrophages in the prognosis of            advanced ovarian cancer patients. <i>Sci            Rep<\/i>          10: 6096.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-63276-1"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"15. Maeda              S, Murakami              K, Inoue              A, Yonezawa              T, Matsuki              N. 2019.            CCR4 blockade depletes regulatory T cells and prolongs survival in a            canine model of bladder cancer. <i>Cancer Immunol              Res<\/i>          7: 1175\u20131187.","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-18-0751"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"16. Maeda              S, Yoshitake              R, Chambers              JK, Uchida              K, Eto              S, Ikeda              N, Nakagawa              T, Nishimura              R,                Goto-Koshino              Y, Yonezawa              T, Momoi              Y. 2021.            BRAFV595E mutation associates CCL17 expression and regulatory T cell            recruitment in urothelial carcinoma of dogs. <i>Vet              Pathol<\/i>          58: 971\u2013980.","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985820967449"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"17. Maeda              S, Sakai              K, Kaji              K, Iio              A, Nakazawa              M, Motegi              T, Yonezawa              T, Momoi              Y. 2022.            Lapatinib as first-line treatment for muscle-invasive urothelial            carcinoma in dogs. <i>Sci Rep<\/i>          12: 4.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-04229-0"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"18. Maeda              S, Motegi              T, Iio              A, Kaji              K,                Goto-Koshino              Y, Eto              S, Ikeda              N, Nakagawa              T, Nishimura              R, Yonezawa              T, Momoi              Y. 2022.            Anti-CCR4 treatment depletes regulatory T cells and leads to clinical            activity in a canine model of advanced prostate cancer.              <i>J Immunother Cancer<\/i>          10: e003731.","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2021-003731"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"19. Marvel              SJ, S\u00e9guin              B, Dailey              DD, Thamm              DH. 2017.            Clinical outcome of partial cystectomy for transitional cell carcinoma of            the canine bladder. <i>Vet Comp Oncol<\/i>          15: 1417\u20131427.","DOI":"10.1111\/vco.12286"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"20. Mittal              SK, Roche              PA. 2015.            Suppression of antigen presentation by IL-10.              <i>Curr Opin Immunol<\/i>          34: 22\u201327.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2014.12.009"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"21. Mutsaers              AJ, Widmer              WR, Knapp              DW. 2003.            Canine transitional cell carcinoma. <i>J Vet              Intern Med<\/i>          17: 136\u2013144.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2003.tb02424.x"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"22. Nakakubo              Y, Miyamoto              M, Cho              Y, Hida              Y, Oshikiri              T, Suzuoki              M, Hiraoka              K, Itoh              T, Kondo              S, Katoh              H. 2003.            Clinical significance of immune cell infiltration within gallbladder            cancer. <i>Br J Cancer<\/i>          89: 1736\u20131742.","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6601331"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"23. Palaga              T, Wongchana              W, Kueanjinda              P. 2018.            Notch signaling in macrophages in the context of cancer            immunity. <i>Front Immunol<\/i>          9: 652.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00652"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"24. Park              S, Kim              S, Hong              YJ, Park              JH, Han              M, Lee              Y, Ryu              MO, Youn              HY, Seo              K. 2024.            Blood neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a potential prognostic marker in            dogs \u226410 kg with multicentric lymphoma. <i>Vet Comp              Oncol<\/i>          22: 470\u2013479.","DOI":"10.1111\/vco.12992"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"25. Pinard              CJ,                Stegelmeier              AA, Bridle              BW, Mutsaers              AJ, Wood              RD, Wood              GA, Woods              JP, Hocker              SE. 2022.            Evaluation of lymphocyte-specific programmed cell death protein 1            receptor expression and cytokines in blood and urine in canine urothelial carcinoma            patients. <i>Vet Comp Oncol<\/i>          20: 427\u2013436.","DOI":"10.1111\/vco.12788"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"26. Porcellato              I, Sforna              M, Lo Giudice              A, Bossi              I, Musi              A, Tognoloni              A, Chiaradia              E, Mechelli              L,                Brachelente              C. 2022.            Tumor-associated macrophages in canine oral and cutaneous melanomas and            melanocytomas: phenotypic and prognostic assessment.              <i>Front Vet Sci<\/i>          9: 878949.","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2022.878949"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"27. Rizzo              F, Tappin              SW, Tasker              S. 2007.            Thrombocytosis in cats: a retrospective study of 51 cases            (2000-2005). <i>J Feline Med Surg<\/i>          9: 319\u2013325.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfms.2007.01.008"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"28. Sakai              K, Maeda              S, Yamada              Y, Chambers              JK, Uchida              K, Nakayama              H, Yonezawa              T, Matsuki              N. 2018.            Association of tumour-infiltrating regulatory T cells with adverse            outcomes in dogs with malignant tumours. <i>Vet Comp              Oncol<\/i>          16: 330\u2013336.","DOI":"10.1111\/vco.12383"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"29. Santarelli              DM, Vincent              FB, Rudloff              I, Nold-Petry              CA, Nold              MF, Russo              MA. 2021.            Circulating interleukin-37 levels in Healthy adult humans - establishing            a reference range. <i>Front Immunol<\/i>          12: 708425.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.708425"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"30. Seung              BJ, Cho              SH, Kim              SH, Bae              MK, Lim              HY, Kwak              SW, Sur              JH. 2021.            Impact of histological subtype on survival in canine mammary carcinomas:            a retrospective analysis of 155 cases. <i>J Comp              Pathol<\/i>          186: 23\u201330.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2021.05.002"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"31. Shibutani              M, Maeda              K, Nagahara              H, Fukuoka              T, Nakao              S, Matsutani              S, Hirakawa              K, Ohira              M. 2017.            The peripheral monocyte count is associated with the density of            tumor-associated macrophages in the tumor microenvironment of colorectal cancer: a            retrospective study. <i>BMC Cancer<\/i>          17: 404.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-017-3395-1"},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"32. Sottnik              JL, Rao              S, Lafferty              MH, Thamm              DH, Morley              PS, Withrow              SJ, Dow              SW. 2010.            Association of blood monocyte and lymphocyte count and disease-free            interval in dogs with osteosarcoma. <i>J Vet Intern              Med<\/i>          24: 1439\u20131444.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2010.0591.x"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"33. Yasumaru              CC, Xavier              JG, Strefezzi              RF,                Salles-Gomes              COM. 2021.            Intratumoral T-lymphocyte subsets in canine oral melanoma and their            association with clinical and histopathological parameters.              <i>Vet Pathol<\/i>          58: 491\u2013502.","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985821999321"},{"key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"34. Yokota              S, Kaji              K, Yonezawa              T, Momoi              Y, Maeda              S. 2023.              CD204<sup>+<\/sup> tumor-associated macrophages are associated with            clinical outcome in canine pulmonary adenocarcinoma and transitional cell            carcinoma. <i>Vet J<\/i>          296-297: 105992.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2023.105992"},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"35. Yokota              S, Yonezawa              T, Momoi              Y, Maeda              S. 2024.            Myeloid derived suppressor cells in peripheral blood can be a prognostic            factor in canine transitional cell carcinoma. <i>Vet              Immunol Immunopathol<\/i>          269: 110716.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2024.110716"},{"key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"36. Zhang              P, Zong              Y, Liu              M, Tai              Y, Cao              Y, Hu              C. 2016.            Prediction of outcome in breast cancer patients using test parameters            from complete blood count. <i>Mol Clin            Oncol<\/i>          4: 918\u2013924.","DOI":"10.3892\/mco.2016.827"},{"key":"37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"37. Zhang              J, Zhang              HY, Li              J, Shao              XY, Zhang              CX. 2017.            The elevated NLR, PLR and PLT may predict the prognosis of patients with            colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.              <i>Oncotarget<\/i>          8: 68837\u201368846.","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.18575"}],"container-title":["Journal of Veterinary Medical Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/jvms\/88\/3\/88_25-0361\/_pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T03:37:03Z","timestamp":1773459423000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/jvms\/88\/3\/88_25-0361\/_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1292\/jvms.25-0361","relation":{},"ISSN":["0916-7250","1347-7439"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0916-7250","type":"print"},{"value":"1347-7439","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"article-number":"25-0361"}}