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Baryshnikov GF, Mano T, Masuda R. 2004. Taxonomic differentiation of Ursus arctos<\/i> (Carnivora, Ursidae) from south Okhotsk Sea islands on the basis of morphometrical analysis of skull and teeth. Russ J Theriology<\/i> 3: 77\u201388.","DOI":"10.15298\/rusjtheriol.03.2.05"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"2. Bird DJ, Amirkhanian A, Pang B, Van Valkenburgh B. 2014. Quantifying the cribriform plate: influences of allometry, function, and phylogeny in Carnivora. Anat Rec (Hoboken)<\/i> 297: 2080\u20132092.","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.23032"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"3. Blanton PL, Biggs NL. 1969. Eighteen hundred years of controversy: the paranasal sinuses. Am J Anat<\/i> 124: 135\u2013147.","DOI":"10.1002\/aja.1001240202"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"4. Curtis AA, Lai G, Wei F, Van Valkenburgh B. 2015. Repeated loss of frontal sinuses in arctoid carnivorans. 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Body size and lean mass of brown bears across and within four diverse ecosystems. J Zool (Lond)<\/i> 305: 53\u201362.","DOI":"10.1111\/jzo.12536"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"8. McDonough TJ, Christ AM. 2012. Geographic variation in size, growth, and sexual dimorphism of Alaska brown bears, Ursus arctos<\/i>. J Mammal<\/i> 93: 686\u2013697.","DOI":"10.1644\/11-MAMM-A-010.1"},{"key":"9","unstructured":"9. Ohdachi S, Aoi T, Mano T, Tsubota T. 1992. Growth, sexual dimorphism, and geographical variation of skull dimensions of the brown bear Ursus arctos<\/i> in Hokkaido. J Mammal Soc Jpn<\/i> 17: 27\u201347."},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"10. P\u00e9rez-Ramos A, Tseng ZJ, Grandal-D\u2019Anglade A, Rabeder G, Pastor FJ, Figueirido B. 2020. Biomechanical simulations reveal a trade-off between adaptation to glacial climate and dietary niche versatility in European cave bears. Sci Adv<\/i> 6: eaay9462.","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aay9462"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"11. Rausch RL. 1963. Geographic variation in size in North American brown bears, Ursus arctos<\/i> L., as indicated by condylobasal length. Can J Zool<\/i> 41: 33\u201345.","DOI":"10.1139\/z63-005"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"12. Rivrud IM, Frank SC, Bischof R, Mysterud A, Steyaert SMJG, Hertel AG, Hagen SB, Eiken HG, Swenson JE, Zedrosser A. 2019. Heritability of head size in a hunted large carnivore, the brown bear (Ursus arctos<\/i>). Evol Appl<\/i> 12: 1124\u20131135.","DOI":"10.1111\/eva.12786"},{"key":"13","unstructured":"13. Sato Y. 2015. Ursus arctos<\/i> Linnaeus, 1758. pp. 240\u2013242. In: The Wild Mammals of Japan, 2nd ed. (Ohdachi SD, Ishibashi Y, Iwasa MA, Fukui D, Sato T eds), Shoukadoh Book Sellers, Kyoto."},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"14. Suenaga Y. 1972. Morphological studies on the skull of the Yezo brown bear. 1. Growth of the skull size. Nippon Juigaku Zasshi<\/i> 34: 17\u201328 (in Japanese with English summary).","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms1939.34.17"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"15. Tanner JB, Dumont ER, Sakai ST, Lundrigan BL, Holekamp KE. 2008. Of arcs and vaults: the biomechanics of bone-cracking in spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta<\/i>). Biol J Linn Soc Lond<\/i> 95: 246\u2013255.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8312.2008.01052.x"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"16. Tsubota T, Kanagawa H, Mano T, Aoi T. 1990. Corpora albicantia and placental scars in the Hokkaido brown bear. Int Conf Bear Res Manage<\/i> 8: 125\u2013128.","DOI":"10.2307\/3872910"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"17. Veitschegger K. 2017. The effect of body size evolution and ecology on encephalization in cave bears and extant relatives. 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