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Alonso-Gamarra              E, Parr\u00f3n              M, P\u00e9rez              A, Prieto              C, Hierro              L,                L\u00f3pez-Santamar\u00eda              M. 2011.            Clinical and radiologic manifestations of congenital extrahepatic            portosystemic shunts: a comprehensive review.              <i>Radiographics<\/i>          31: 707\u2013722.","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.313105070"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"2. Anglin              EV, Lux              CN, Sun              X, Folk              CA, Fazio              C. 2021.            Clinical characteristics of, prognostic factors for, and long-term            outcome of dogs with multiple acquired portosystemic shunts: 72 cases            (2000\u20132018). <i>J Am Vet Med Assoc<\/i>          260 S1: S30\u2013S39.","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.20.12.0703"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"3. Caturelli              E, Ghittoni              G, Niro              GA, Clemente              R, Accadia              L, Nardella              M, Andriulli              A, Anti              M. 2006.            Multiple intrahepatic vascular shunts causing hyperammoniaemic            encephalopathy in a patient without liver cirrhosis. <i>Dig              Liver Dis<\/i>          38: 347\u2013351.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2005.06.005"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"4. Greenhalgh              SN, Dunning              MD, McKinley              TJ,                Goodfellow              MR, Kelman              KR, Freitag              T, O\u2019Neill              EJ, Hall              EJ, Watson              PJ, Jeffery              ND. 2010.            Comparison of survival after surgical or medical treatment in dogs with a            congenital portosystemic shunt. <i>J Am Vet Med              Assoc<\/i>          236: 1215\u20131220.","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.236.11.1215"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"5. Hunt              GB, Youmans              KR, Sommerlad              S, Swinney              G, Nicholson              A, Melville              L, Hoffman              KL, Allan              GS. 1998.            Surgical management of multiple congenital intrahepatic shunts in two            dogs: case report. <i>Vet Surg<\/i>          27: 262\u2013267.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.1998.tb00124.x"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"6. Johnson              CA, Armstrong              PJ, Hauptman              JG. 1987.            Congenital portosystemic shunts in dogs: 46 cases            (1979\u20131986). <i>J Am Vet Med Assoc<\/i>          191: 1478\u20131483.","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1987.191.11.1478"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"7. Konstantinidis              AO, Patsikas              MN,                Papazoglou              LG,                Adamama-Moraitou              KK. 2023.            Congenital portosystemic shunts in dogs and cats: Classification,            pathophysiology, clinical presentation and diagnosis.              <i>Vet Sci<\/i>          10: 160.","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci10020160"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"8. Park              JH, Cha              SH, Han              JK, Han              MC. 1990.            Intrahepatic portosystemic venous shunt.              <i>AJR Am J Roentgenol<\/i>          155: 527\u2013528.","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.155.3.2117349"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"9. Parry              AT, White              RN. 2018.            Post-temporary ligation intraoperative mesenteric portovenography:            comparison with CT angiography for investigation of portosystemic          shunts. <i>J Small Anim Pract<\/i>          59: 106\u2013111.","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.12786"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"10. Ricciardi              M. 2017.            Unusual haemodynamics in two dogs and two cats with portosystemic shunt -            implications for distinguishing between congenital and acquired            conditions. <i>Open Vet J<\/i>          7: 86\u201394.","DOI":"10.4314\/ovj.v7i2.2"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"11. Ruland              K, Fischer              A, Hartmann              K. 2010.            Sensitivity and specificity of fasting ammonia and serum bile acids in            the diagnosis of portosystemic shunts in dogs and cats.              <i>Vet Clin Pathol<\/i>          39: 57\u201364.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-165X.2009.00178.x"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"12. Seller              S, Weisse              C, Fischetti              AJ. 2022.            Intrahepatic venous collaterals in dogs with congenital intrahepatic            portosystemic shunts are associated with focal shunt or hepatic vein            narrowing. <i>Vet Radiol Ultrasound<\/i>          63: 64\u201372.","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.13030"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"13. Solari              FP, Culp              WTN, Vilaplana                Grosso              FR, Case              JB. 2022.            Percutaneous transvenous coil embolization of congenital intrahepatic            portosystemic shunts in small- and toy-breed dogs: 20 cases (2015\u20132021).              <i>J Am Vet Med Assoc<\/i>          260: 1526\u20131532.","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.22.03.0143"},{"key":"14","unstructured":"14. Takahashi              S, Yoshida              E, Sakanishi              Y, Tohyama              N, Ayhan              A, Ogawa              H. 2013.            Congenital multiple intrahepatic portosystemic shunt: an autopsy            case. <i>Int J Clin Exp Pathol<\/i>          7: 425\u2013431."},{"key":"15","unstructured":"15. Tiffinger              K, Smith              JB, Fransson              BA. 2024.            Ultrasound- and fluoroscopy-guided percutaneous transhepatic shunt            attenuation using a vascular plug in a complex canine intrahepatic portosystemic            shunt. <i>Can Vet J<\/i>          65: 763\u2013768."},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"16. Walsh              ND, Porter              IR, Miller              AV, Fischetti              AJ, Cheong              SH, Scrivani              PV. 2023.            Canine intrahepatic portosystemic shunts: Interlobar and intralobar            classifications. <i>Vet Radiol Ultrasound<\/i>          64: 646\u2013660.","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.13252"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"17. Weisse              C, Berent              AC, Todd              K, Solomon              JA, Cope              C. 2014.            Endovascular evaluation and treatment of intrahepatic portosystemic            shunts in dogs: 100 cases (2001\u20132011). <i>J Am Vet Med              Assoc<\/i>          244: 78\u201394.","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.244.1.78"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"18. Zwingenberger              A. 2009.            CT diagnosis of portosystemic shunts. <i>Vet              Clin North Am Small Anim Pract<\/i>          39: 783\u2013792.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2009.04.008"}],"container-title":["Journal of Veterinary Medical Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/jvms\/88\/5\/88_25-0550\/_pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T03:25:58Z","timestamp":1777692358000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/jvms\/88\/5\/88_25-0550\/_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1292\/jvms.25-0550","relation":{},"ISSN":["0916-7250","1347-7439"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0916-7250","type":"print"},{"value":"1347-7439","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"article-number":"25-0550"}}