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Sci.","The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.26-0088","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T22:11:16Z","timestamp":1787782276000},"page":"1603-1607","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prevalence and egg surface morphology of capillariid nematodes in red foxes (&lt;i&gt;Vulpes vulpes&lt;\/i&gt;) from Hokkaido, Japan"],"prefix":"10.1292","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Takashi","family":"INOUE","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, Okayama, Japan"},{"name":"Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuta","family":"KANAI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuzaburo","family":"OKU","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan"},{"name":"Parasitology Laboratory, Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nariaki","family":"NONAKA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"122","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"1. Abe H.  1975. Winter food of the red fox, <i>Vulpes vulpes schrencki<\/i> Kishida (Carnivora: Canidae), in Hokkaido, with special reference to vole populations. <i>Appl Entomol Zool<\/i> 10: 40\u201351.","DOI":"10.1303\/aez.10.40"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"2. Bond AT, Huffman DG.  2023. Nematode eggshells: a new anatomical and terminological framework, with a critical review of relevant literature and suggested guidelines for the interpretation and reporting of eggshell imagery. <i>Parasite<\/i> 30: 6.","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2023007"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"3. Borba V, Enoki M, Lopes-Torres EJ, Machado-Silva JR, I\u00f1iguez AM.  2021. New data on eggshell structure of capillariid species: a SEM perspective. <i>Parasitol Res<\/i> 120: 963\u2013970.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-020-07032-4"},{"key":"4","unstructured":"4. Bowman DD.  2021. 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Intracranial migration of <i>Eucoleus<\/i> (<i>Capillaria<\/i>) <i>boehmi<\/i> in a dog. <i>J Small Anim Pract<\/i> 54: 99\u2013103.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.2012.01303.x"},{"key":"8","unstructured":"8. Fukumoto S, Hatanaka A, Wada K, Yokosaka K, Misawa K, Fujii M, Ohbayashi M, Ueda A.  1990. Parasitic helminths of <i>Nyctereutes procyonoides albus<\/i> and <i>Vulpes vulpes schrencki<\/i> in Hokkaido, Japan. <i>Jpn J Parasitol<\/i> 39: 103."},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"9. Gillis-Germitsch N, M\u00fcller S, Gori F, Schnyder M.  2020. <i>Capillaria boehmi<\/i> (syn. <i>Eucoleus boehmi<\/i>): Challenging treatment of a rarely diagnosed nasal nematode in dogs and high prevalence in Swiss foxes. <i>Vet Parasitol<\/i> 281: 109103.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2020.109103"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"10. Gibbons LM.  2010. Keys to the nematode parasites of vertebrates: supplementary volume, CABI, Wallingford.","DOI":"10.1079\/9781845935719.0000"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"11. Hodda M.  2022. Phylum Nematoda: a classification, catalogue and index of valid genera, with a census of valid species. <i>Zootaxa<\/i> 5114: 1\u2013289.","DOI":"10.11646\/zootaxa.5114.1.1"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"12. Hod\u017ei\u0107 A, Bruckschwaiger P, Duscher GG, Glawischnig W, Fuehrer HP.  2016. High prevalence of <i>Eucoleus boehmi<\/i> (syn. <i>Capillaria boehmi<\/i>) in foxes from western Austria. <i>Parasitol Res<\/i> 115: 3275\u20133278.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-016-5145-8"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"13. Irie T, Uraguchi K, Ito T, Yamazaki A, Takai S, Yagi K.  2019. First report of <i>Sarcocystis pilosa<\/i> sporocysts in feces from red fox, <i>Vulpes vulpes schrencki<\/i>, in Hokkaido, Japan. <i>Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl<\/i> 11: 29\u201331.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2019.12.001"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"14. Ito S.  1980. Modified Wisconsin sugar centrifugal-flotation technique for nematode eggs in bovine feces. <i>Nippon Juishikai Zasshi<\/i> 33: 424\u2013429.","DOI":"10.12935\/jvma1951.33.424"},{"key":"15","unstructured":"15. Iwaki T, Hatakeyama S, Nonaka N, Miyaji S.  1993. Survey on larval <i>Echinococcus multilocularis<\/i> and other hepatic helminths in rodents and insectivores in Hokkaido, Japan. <i>Jpn J Parasitol<\/i> 42: 502\u2013506."},{"key":"16","unstructured":"16. Kamiya H, Ishigaki K.  1972. Helminths of mustelidae in Hokkaido. <i>Jpn J Vet Res<\/i> 20: 117\u2013128."},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"17. Macchioni F, Chelucci L, Guardone L, Mignone W, Prati MC, Magi M.  2013. <i>Calodium hepaticum<\/i> (Nematoda: Capillaridae) in a red fox (<i>Vulpes vulpes<\/i>) in Italy with scanning electron microscopy of the eggs. <i>Folia Parasitol (Praha)<\/i> 60: 102\u2013104.","DOI":"10.14411\/fp.2013.011"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"18. Magi M, Guardone L, Prati MC, Torracca B, Macchioni F.  2012. First report of <i>Eucoleus boehmi<\/i> (syn. <i>Capillaria boehmi<\/i>) in dogs in north-western Italy, with scanning electron microscopy of the eggs. <i>Parasite<\/i> 19: 433\u2013435.","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2012194433"},{"key":"19","unstructured":"19. Moravec F.  1982. Proposal of a new systematic arrangement of nematodes of the family Capillariidae. <i>Folia Parasitol (Praha)<\/i> 29: 119\u2013132."},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"20. Sato H, Inaba T, Ihama Y, Kamiya H.  1999. Parasitological survey on wild carnivora in north-western Tohoku, Japan. <i>J Vet Med Sci<\/i> 61: 1023\u20131026.","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.61.1023"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"21. Sato H, Ihama Y, Inaba T, Yagisawa M, Kamiya H.  1999. Helminth fauna of carnivores distributed in north-western Tohoku, Japan, with special reference to <i>Mesocestoides paucitesticulus<\/i> and <i>Brachylaima tokudai<\/i>. <i>J Vet Med Sci<\/i> 61: 1339\u20131342.","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.61.1339"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"22. Spratt DM, Singleton GR.  2001. Hepatic capillariasis. pp. 365\u2013379. In: Parasitic Diseases of Wild Mammals (Samuel WM, Pybus MJ. Kocan AA eds.), Iowa State University Press, Ames.","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470377000.ch14"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"23. Supperer R.  1953. <i>Capillaria b\u00f6hmi<\/i> spec. nov., eine neue Haarwurmart aus den Stirnh\u00f6hlen des Fuchses. <i>Z Parasitenkd<\/i> 16: 51\u201355.","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00260409"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"24. Tamaru M, Sakaguchi S, Souzu Y, Murata K, Yunus M, Rosyadi I, Sato H.  2025. Integrated taxonomic approaches to gastrointestinal and urinary capillariid nematodes from wild and domestic mammals. <i>Pathogens<\/i> 14: 455.","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens14050455"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"25. Traversa D, Di Cesare A, Lia RP, Castagna G, Meloni S, Heine J, Strube K, Milillo P, Otranto D, Meckes O, Schaper R.  2011. New insights into morphological and biological features of <i>Capillaria aerophila<\/i> (Trichocephalida, Trichuridae). <i>Parasitol Res<\/i> 109Suppl 1: S97\u2013S104.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-011-2406-4"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"26. Tsukada H, Morishima Y, Nonaka N, Oku Y, Kamiya M.  2000. Preliminary study of the role of red foxes in <i>Echinococcus multilocularis<\/i> transmission in the urban area of Sapporo, Japan. <i>Parasitology<\/i> 120: 423\u2013428.","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182099005582"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"27. Uchida A, Uchida K, Kawakami Y, Murata Y.  1999. Helminthological surveys of raccoon dogs captured in Tokyo and Kanagawa Prefectures. <i>Nippon Juishikai Zasshi<\/i> 52: 715\u2013721.","DOI":"10.12935\/jvma1951.52.715"},{"key":"28","unstructured":"28. Yagi K, Akahashi K, Hattori K, Ishige M.  1986. The hepatic helminths of small mammals in Hokkaido, Japan. <i>Rep Hokkaido Inst Pub Health<\/i> 36: 30\u201342."},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"29. Yasuda N, Akuzawa M, Maruyama H, Izawa M, Doi T.  1993. Helminths of the Tsushima leopard cat (<i>Felis bengalensis euptilura<\/i>). <i>J Wildl Dis<\/i> 29: 153\u2013155.","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-29.1.153"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"30. Yasuda N, Ezaki K, Akuzawa M, Izawa M, Doi T, Sakaguchi N, Tatara M.  1994. 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