{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T10:06:33Z","timestamp":1781777193462,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Japanese Society of Veterinary Science","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Vet. Med. Sci.","The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008]]},"DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.70.1185","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,4]],"date-time":"2008-12-04T07:14:44Z","timestamp":1228374884000},"page":"1185-1190","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Protective Effect of Humus Extract Against Trypanosoma brucei Infection in Mice"],"prefix":"10.1292","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"KODAMA","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, Course of Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"family":"DENSO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, Course of Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fumi","family":"OKAZAKI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, Course of Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saeko","family":"ISHIDA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, Course of Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"122","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"1. Barkhuizen, M., Magez, S., Atkinson, R. A. and Brombacher, F. 2007. Interleukin-12p70-dependent IFN&gamma; production is crucial for resistance in African trypanosomiasis. J. Infect. Dis. 196: 1253-1260.","DOI":"10.1086\/521681"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"2. Barry, J. D. 1997. The relative significance of mechanisms of antigenic variation in African trypanosomes. Parasitol. Today 13: 212-217.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-4758(97)01039-9"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.8.1.83"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"4. Doyle, J. J. 1977. Antigenic variation in the Salivirian trypanosomes. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 93: 35-63.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-8855-9_4"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"5. Drennan, M. B., Stijlemans, B., Van Den Abbeele, J., Quesniaux, V. J., Barkhuizen, M., Brombacher, F., De Baetselier, P., Ryffel, B. and Magez, S. 2005. The infection of a type 1 immune resonse following a <i>Trypanosoma brucei<\/i> infection is MyD88 dependent. J. Immunol. 175: 2501-2509.","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.175.4.2501"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"6. Hertz, C. J., Filutowicz, H. and Mansfield, J. M. 1998. Resistance to the African trypanosomes is IFN-&gamma; dependent. J. Immunol. 161: 6775-6783.","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.161.12.6775"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"7. Joon&eacute;, G. K. and van Rensburg, C. E. J. 2004. An <i>in vitro<\/i> investigation of the anti-inflammatory properties of potassium humate. Inflammation 28: 169-174.","DOI":"10.1023\/B:IFLA.0000039563.90066.5d"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.69.1069"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.69.405"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"10. Liu, Y., Ragaa, E., Li, Z., Nuortio, L., Mustafa, A. and Bakheit, M. 1999. Interferon-&gamma; and interleukin-12 genes are preferentially expressed during early experimental African trypanosomiasis and suppressed by denervation of the spleen. Scand. J. Immunol. 50: 485-491.","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3083.1999.00639.x"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"11. M&uuml;ller, U., K&ouml;hler, G., Mossmann, H., Schaub, G. A., Alber, G., Di Santo, J. P., Brombacher, F. and Holscher, C. 2001. IL-12-independent IFN-&gamma; production by T cells in experimental Chagas' disease is mediated by IL-18. J. Immunol. 167: 3346-3353.","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.167.6.3346"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/320731"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1078\/0944-7113-00028"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"14. Raper, J., Portela, M. P. M., Lugli, E., Frevert, U. and Tomlinson, S. 2001. Trypanosome lytic factors: Novel mediators of human innate immunity. Curr. Opinion Microbiol. 4: 402-408.","DOI":"10.1016\/S1369-5274(00)00226-5"},{"key":"15","unstructured":"15. Reichert, B. 1966. Humins&auml;uren und ihre Derivate in der modernen Therapie. Deut. Apotheker 18: 204-206."},{"key":"16","unstructured":"16. Salz, H. 1974. Salhumin gel, a local therapeutic agent with hyperemic antiphlogistic and analgesic effect. Med. Monat. 28: 548-550."},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf021101e"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1996.0208"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"19. Tomlinson, S. and Raper, J. 1998. Natural human immunity to trypanosomes. Parasitol. Today 14: 354-360.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-4758(98)01295-2"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"20. Van Rensburg, C. E. J., Van Straten, A. and Dekker, J. 2000. An <i>in vitro<\/i> investigation of the antimicrobial activity of oxifulvic acid. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 46: 853-854.","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/46.5.853"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ddr.1166"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000064919"},{"key":"23","unstructured":"23. Vengerovskii, A. I., Golovina, E. L., Burkova, V. N. and Saratikov, A. S. 2001. Enteric sorbents potentiate hepatoprotective effect of Eplir in experimental toxic hepatitis. Eksp. Klinich. Farmakol. 64: 46-48."},{"key":"24","unstructured":"24. Visser, S. A. 1973. Some biological effects of humic acids in the rat. Acta Biol. Med. Germ. 31: 569-581."},{"key":"25","unstructured":"25. Yudina, N. V., Pisareva, S. I. and Saratikov, A. S. 1998. Antiulcerogenic activity of phenol compounds of peat. Khim. Rastit Sirya 4: 29-32."}],"container-title":["Journal of Veterinary Medical Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/jvms\/70\/11\/70_11_1185\/_pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,21]],"date-time":"2023-05-21T22:07:42Z","timestamp":1684706862000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/jvms\/70\/11\/70_11_1185\/_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1292\/jvms.70.1185","relation":{},"ISSN":["0916-7250","1347-7439"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0916-7250","type":"print"},{"value":"1347-7439","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008]]}}}