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The presence of urea-splitting bacteria in the urine promotes a strongly alkaline urine and their adhesion to the catheter as a biofilm makes them extremely difficult to remove. This article addresses strategies for early identification of potential \u2018blockers\u2019; proactive approaches to care; and the evidence for use of catheter maintenance solutions. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.12968\/bjcn.2002.7.11.10888","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,23]],"date-time":"2014-05-23T13:17:41Z","timestamp":1400851061000},"page":"574-580","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Managing recurrent urinary catheter encrustation"],"prefix":"10.12968","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Kathryn","family":"Getliffe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing & Midwifery, Nightingale Building, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"5130","reference":[{"key":"p_8","volume-title":"catheter life' (Norberg et al","year":"1983"},{"issue":"2","key":"p_19","first-page":"183","volume":"2","author":"Bibby JM","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cells and Materials"},{"key":"p_20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-410x.1999.00014.x"},{"key":"p_21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.284.5418.1318"},{"key":"p_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)39095-X","volume":"142","author":"Cox AJ","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"p_23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.1988.tb05067.x"},{"key":"p_24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(99)00288-5"},{"key":"p_25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000281723"},{"key":"p_26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.1989.tb06049.x"},{"issue":"5","key":"p_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.12968\/bjcn.2000.5.5.7404","volume":"5","author":"Evans A","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br J Community Nurs"},{"key":"p_28","unstructured":"Getliffe KA (1992) Encrustation of urinary catheters in community patients. 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