{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,31]],"date-time":"2023-10-31T12:47:45Z","timestamp":1698756465589},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Mark Allen Group","issue":"14","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Nurs"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Faecal incontinence and constipation are examples of functional bowel disorders that can lead to distressing psychological and physical symptoms which seriously impact upon quality of life. Rectal irrigation has been introduced as a treatment option for such patients. This article critically reviews and evaluates the current evidence on the effectiveness of rectal irrigation as a management option for functional bowel disorders. The review was conducted using BIOSIS, AHMED, CINAHL, MEDLINE, and Web of Knowledge. From 1051 articles identified through the literacy search, only nine were specifically concerned with the evaluation of rectal irrigation as a treatment option for functional bowel disorders. The results of the literature review do indicate that rectal irrigation could be a successful treatment option for some people, however, variations between studies and methodological limitations mean evidence of the effectiveness of rectal irrigation is lacking. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.12968\/bjon.2007.16.14.24323","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,23]],"date-time":"2014-05-23T14:15:03Z","timestamp":1400854503000},"page":"858-864","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Rectal irrigation in the management of functional bowel disorders: a review"],"prefix":"10.12968","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Angela","family":"MaryTod","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Wellbeing, Sheffield Hallam University Sheffield"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elaine","family":"Strainger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Wellbeing, Sheffield Hallam University Sheffield"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carol","family":"Levery\\","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Wellbeing, Sheffield Hallam University Sheffield"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jill","family":"Dean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sheffield Teaching Hospitals,Sheffield"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jayne","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"5130","reference":[{"key":"p_1","volume-title":"measured the movement of faecal matter in the","year":"2003"},{"key":"p_4","volume-title":"- all attempted to measure the","author":"Gosselink","year":"2004"},{"key":"p_28","volume-title":"Three simple questions were asked","author":"Greenhalgh","year":"1997"},{"key":"p_40","volume-title":"Undertaken in hospital using a pulsed irrigation enhanced evacuation (PIEE) machine, which sends pulses","author":"Puet","year":"1991"},{"key":"p_44","volume-title":"Undertaken in hospital, the patient lies on their left side and a rectal examination speculum is inserted","author":"Kokoszka","year":"1994"},{"key":"p_48","volume-title":"Undertaken at home by the patient. A conventional colostomy irrigation set is used, e.g. tube, bag and","author":"Briel","year":"1997"},{"key":"p_64","volume-title":"Undertaken at home by the patient. A conventional colostomy irrigation set was used, e.g. bag tube","author":"Gosselink","year":"2004"},{"key":"p_70","volume-title":"A starting","volume":"750"},{"key":"p_73","volume-title":"reduced to every 2 days or less when effective. Irrigation","volume":"1500"},{"key":"p_86","volume-title":"a study by Gosselink et al","year":"2004"},{"key":"p_92","volume-title":"reported 22 out of 32 (69%) patients continuing","year":"1997"},{"key":"p_94","volume-title":"11 out of 21 of the sample (53%) continued","year":"2000"},{"key":"p_141","unstructured":"2004) through to 56 months (Gosselink et al, 2004). Only"},{"key":"p_143","unstructured":"etal, 1997; Christensen et al 2000, 2006; Crawshaw et al,"},{"key":"p_146","unstructured":"Christensen et al (2006). Consequently, it is difficult to assess"},{"key":"p_153","unstructured":"al, 1991). Christensen et al (2003) measured defaecation"},{"key":"p_155","unstructured":"(2004) examined the resting and anal canal pressure. The"},{"key":"p_156","volume-title":"has the most","author":"Christensen","year":"2006"},{"key":"p_166","unstructured":"(Briel et al, 1997); time (Briel et al, 1997; Gosselink et"},{"key":"p_167","unstructured":"al, 2004); irrigation problems, e.g. loss of irrigation fluid"},{"key":"p_168","unstructured":"during the day (Christensen et al, 2000; Gosselink et al,"},{"key":"p_170","unstructured":"(Christensen et al, 2006). However, factors influencing"},{"key":"p_175","unstructured":"experienced chest pain (Puet et al, 1991; Kokoszka et al,"},{"key":"p_179","unstructured":"and dizziness (Christensen et al, 2000, 2006). 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