{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T07:44:50Z","timestamp":1769154290852,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Mark Allen Group","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Nurs"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title><jats:p> Although the mental health burden in healthcare workers caused by COVID-19 has gained increasing attention both within the profession and through public opinion, there has been a lack of data describing their experience; specifically, the mental wellbeing of healthcare workers in the intensive care unit (ICU), including those redeployed. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims:<\/jats:title><jats:p> The authors aimed to compare the mental health status of ICU healthcare workers (physicians, nurses and allied health professionals) affected by various factors during the COVID-19 pandemic; and highlight to policymakers areas of staff vulnerabilities in order to improve wellbeing strategies within healthcare systems. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p> An online survey using three validated scales was conducted in France, the UK, Italy, Mainland China, Taiwan, Egypt and Belgium. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Findings:<\/jats:title><jats:p> The proportion of respondents who screened positive on the three scales across the countries was 16\u201349% for depression, 60\u201386% for insomnia and 17\u201335% for post-traumatic stress disorder. The authors also identified an increase in the scores with longer time spent in personal protective equipment, female gender, advancing age and redeployed status. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p> The high prevalence of mental disorders among ICU staff during the COVID-19 crisis should inform local and national wellbeing policies. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.12968\/bjon.2021.30.11.634","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,10]],"date-time":"2021-06-10T12:26:02Z","timestamp":1623327962000},"page":"634-642","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["The global mental health burden of COVID-19 on critical care staff"],"prefix":"10.12968","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Ezzat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"General Surgery Registrar, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, and Honorary Research Clinical Fellow, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yufei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Fellow, Department of Health Service and Population Research, King's College London, London"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Josephine","family":"Holt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Foundation Doctor, Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, Bordesley Green, Birmingham"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthieu","family":"Komorowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Senior Lecturer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, St Mary's Campus, and Consultant in Intensive Care, Intensive Care Unit, Charing Cross Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"5130","reference":[{"key":"B1","unstructured":"Antonovsky A. Health, stress, and coping. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass Publishers; 1979"},{"issue":"5","key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13420","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.13420","volume":"33","author":"Bhargava S","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1159-5551","volume":"47","author":"Bohlken J","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychiatr Prax"},{"issue":"1","key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.20007","volume":"18","author":"Brewin CR.","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Trauma Stress"},{"issue":"2","key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.181.2.158","volume":"181","author":"Brewin CR","year":"2002","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2016.06.010","volume":"87","author":"Chiu HY","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22724","volume":"35","author":"De Stefano C","year":"2018","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety"},{"issue":"2","key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjqs-2013-001947","volume":"23","author":"Dixon-Woods M","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMJ Qual Saf"},{"issue":"5","key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30120-1","volume":"20","author":"Dong E","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.2490060405","volume":"6","author":"Foa EB","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Trauma Stress"},{"issue":"6","key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(20)30168-1","volume":"7","author":"Holmes EA","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"B15","first-page":"192","volume":"38","author":"Huang JZ","year":"2020","journal-title":"Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi"},{"issue":"8","key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12784","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.14498","volume":"8","author":"Ji D","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"issue":"5","key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1590\/S0080-623420150000500020","volume":"49","author":"Karanikola M","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rev Esc Enferm USP"},{"issue":"11","key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1284","DOI":"10.1097\/01.MLR.0000093487.78664.3C","volume":"41","author":"Kroenke K","year":"2003","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"issue":"14","key":"B20","first-page":"42","volume":"6","author":"Liang S-Y","year":"2020","journal-title":"Smart Healthcare"},{"issue":"1","key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2011.02.003","volume":"53","author":"Liu X","year":"2012","journal-title":"Compr Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2004.09.006","volume":"58","author":"L\u00f6we B","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1007\/s11126-009-9095-5","volume":"80","author":"Lung FW","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychiatr Q"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113190","volume":"291","author":"Luo M","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.06.003","volume":"203","author":"Manea L","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"7","key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200606-735OC","volume":"175","author":"Mealer ML","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e475","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(20)30164-X","volume":"5","author":"Nguyen LH","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Public Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-440X(98)90059-1","volume":"39","author":"Ohayon MM","year":"1998","journal-title":"Compr Psychiatry"},{"issue":"18","key":"B30","first-page":"1775","volume":"323","author":"Onder G","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.05.026","volume":"88","author":"Pappa S","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.2174\/1874434601307010014","volume":"7","author":"Peters L","year":"2013","journal-title":"Open Nurs J"},{"issue":"9","key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e238","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30484-9","volume":"20","author":"Petersen E","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.05.023","volume":"72","author":"Qi J","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e100213","DOI":"10.1136\/gpsych-2020-100213","volume":"33","author":"Qiu J","year":"2020","journal-title":"General Psychiatry"},{"issue":"20","key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2052","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.6775","volume":"323","author":"Richardson S","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2018.00440","volume":"9","author":"Sch\u00e4fer SK","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3999(00)00095-7","volume":"48","author":"Soldatos CR","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102119","volume":"51","author":"Spoorthy MS","year":"2020","journal-title":"Asian J Psychiatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1186\/s12995-015-0061-x","volume":"10","author":"Sull A","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Occup Med Toxicol"},{"issue":"1","key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-2607(86)90081-7","volume":"23","author":"Theodorsson-Norheim E.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Comput Methods Programs Biomed"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"m1117","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m1117","volume":"368","author":"Willan J","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"B45","first-page":"e924085","volume":"26","author":"Wu K","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit Basic Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2020.04.008","volume":"60","author":"Wu Y","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Pain Symptom Manage"},{"key":"B47","first-page":"e923549","volume":"26","author":"Xiao H","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"issue":"4","key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1159\/000507639","volume":"89","author":"Zhang W","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychother Psychosom"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.00386","volume":"11","author":"Zhu J","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Nursing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.magonlinelibrary.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.12968\/bjon.2021.30.11.634","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,10]],"date-time":"2021-06-10T12:27:45Z","timestamp":1623328065000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.magonlinelibrary.com\/doi\/10.12968\/bjon.2021.30.11.634"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,10]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.12968\/bjon.2021.30.11.634"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12968\/bjon.2021.30.11.634","relation":{},"ISSN":["0966-0461","2052-2819"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0966-0461","type":"print"},{"value":"2052-2819","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,10]]}}}