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Major developments in prosthetics over the past 20 years, particularly in the area of joint design, including microprocessor knees, have increased options to improve ambulation. This is particularly significant among those with more proximal amputations, for whom energy expenditure on walking is even greater. Management of post-amputation pain syndromes including phantom limb pain can prove challenging, although there are novel options for pain control. Long-term care of both the residual and contralateral limbs is paramount to reduce risk of further amputation surgery, and optimize longer term function and quality of life.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.12968\/hmed.2018.79.4.205","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,5]],"date-time":"2018-04-05T16:28:47Z","timestamp":1522945727000},"page":"205-210","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Management of lower limb amputations"],"prefix":"10.31083","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Alifa","family":"Isaacs-Itua","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Specialty Trainee (Rehabilitation Medicine), Prosthetic Rehabilitation Unit, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Middlesex HA7 4LP"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Imad","family":"Sedki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consultant, Prosthetic Rehabilitation Unit, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Middlesex"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"16242","reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/lds027"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1479164116651390"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s16071119"},{"key":"B4","volume-title":"Saving limbs, saving lives: Patience access to technologies for the diagnosis and treatment of peripheral arterial disease","author":"All-Party Parliamentary Group on Vascular Disease","year":"2016"},{"key":"B5","first-page":"CD006380","volume":"10","author":"Alviar MJM","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2009.02.008"},{"key":"B7","volume-title":"Clinical guidelines for the pre and post operative physiotherapy management of adults with lower limb amputation","author":"Broomhead P","year":"2006"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0309364614568409"},{"issue":"1","key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.3109\/03093649409164665","volume":"18","author":"Gottschalk FA","year":"1994","journal-title":"Prosthet Orthot Int"},{"key":"B12","volume-title":"Osseointegrated Prosthetic Implants for Lower Limb Amputation: A Review of Clinical Effectiveness and Guidelines","author":"Kaulback K","year":"2017"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2013.07.012"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/icvts\/ivr075"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03093640802258637"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.e4947"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-016-0322-5"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2013.09.011"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcm131"},{"key":"B20","first-page":"4","author":"Nather A","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabet Foot Ankle"},{"key":"B23","volume-title":"Annual Report","author":"National Vascular Registry (UK)","year":"2016"},{"key":"B24","volume-title":"National Diabetes Foot Care Audit Hospital Admissions. 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