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This review provides an overview of autologous and allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation including disease indications, the individual steps of the procedure and outcome, and highlights achievements in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Although autoimmune conditions account for only 1% of indications for autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplant, this is increasingly used to treat high-risk autoimmune diseases. Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation can induce long-term remission by resetting the immune system via eradication of autoreactive immune cells and the generation of a de novo self-tolerant immune system. Data seem most encouraging in multiple sclerosis and systemic sclerosis and it is likely that the number of procedures performed to treat these conditions will rise in the future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.12968\/hmed.2019.80.1.33","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,28]],"date-time":"2018-12-28T12:17:20Z","timestamp":1545999440000},"page":"33-39","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":142,"title":["Haematopoietic stem cell transplants: principles and indications"],"prefix":"10.31083","volume":"80","author":[{"given":"Katalin","family":"Balassa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Fellow in Bone Marrow Transplantation, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Department of Clinical Haematology, Cancer and Haematology Centre, Churchill Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 7LE and NHS Blood and Transplant, 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