{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T01:50:01Z","timestamp":1792806601323,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"IMR Press","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Hosp Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Peroneal tendon dislocation or subluxation is an orthopaedic condition that usually occurs as a result of injury to the superior peroneal retinaculum. The peroneal muscles are located in the lateral compartment of the leg, and their tendons run in the retromalleolar groove anchored by the superior peroneal retinaculum. Peroneal instability is usually classified using the Eckert and Davies classification, which was modified by Oden into a four-point grading system. The mechanism of injury is typically sudden forced dorsiflexion, resulting in aggressive tautness of the peroneal tendons, combined with a forced eversion of the hindfoot. Plain X-ray, ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging are useful for imaging of the injury and in planning for surgery. Operative management has high success rates and there are multiple surgical techniques available, including superior peroneal retinaculum repair, tenoplasty, bone block procedures, groove deepening and endoscopic approaches, with little variation in outcome found between the approaches.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.12968\/hmed.2022.0257","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,29]],"date-time":"2023-09-29T18:10:30Z","timestamp":1696011030000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Snapping ankles: peroneal tendon subluxation and dislocation"],"prefix":"10.31083","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"Tom","family":"Hosack","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK"},{"name":"Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Perkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, East and North Hertfordshire NHS Foundation Trust, Stevenage, UK"},{"name":"Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, East and North Hertfordshire NHS Foundation Trust, Stevenage, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabri","family":"Bleibleh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rahul","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Barts Health NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"16242","reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"B1","first-page":"1607","volume":"28","author":"Akiki A","year":"2007","journal-title":"Saudi Med J"},{"issue":"3","key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658301100306","volume":"11","author":"Arrowsmith SR","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2019.09.001","volume":"51","author":"Bahad ST","year":"2020","journal-title":"Orthop Clin N Am"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jor.2019.08.031","volume":"18","author":"Bakker D","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Orthop"},{"issue":"4","key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2018.01.020","volume":"104","author":"Bourgault C","year":"2018","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197658050-00016","volume":"58","author":"Eckert WR","year":"1976","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"3","key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198062030-00015","volume":"62","author":"Escalas F","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"6","key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-015-0590-0","volume":"41","author":"Espinosa N","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624.e15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2020.02.018","volume":"75","author":"Gorelik N","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2017.07.011","volume":"22","author":"Hamid KS","year":"2017","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Clin N Am"},{"issue":"2","key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1053\/j.otsm.2017.04.001","volume":"25","author":"Kane JM","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oper Tech Sports Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2014.12.018","volume":"54","author":"Kwaadu KY","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Foot Ankle Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658601400210","volume":"14","author":"Martens MA","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658901700111","volume":"17","author":"Micheli LJ","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"B16","first-page":"63","volume":"216","author":"Oden RR.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1034","DOI":"10.3113\/FAI.2007.1034","volume":"28","author":"Ogawa BK","year":"2007","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2019.09.002","volume":"60","author":"Park CH","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Foot Ankle Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"994","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2020.04.027","volume":"60","author":"Park SH","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Foot Ankle Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00418812","volume":"61","author":"Platzgummer H.","year":"1967","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Unfall-Chir"},{"issue":"4","key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1016\/S0004-9514(14)60178-1","volume":"48","author":"Pope R. Ottawa","year":"2002","journal-title":"Aust J Physiother"},{"issue":"6","key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1177\/107110070502600602","volume":"26","author":"Porter D","year":"2005","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"issue":"9","key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1177\/107110079801900907","volume":"19","author":"Rockett MS","year":"1998","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"issue":"14","key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2008.057182","volume":"44","author":"Roth JA","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1097\/01.btf.0000115842.62946.5d","volume":"3","author":"Shawen SB","year":"2004","journal-title":"Tech Foot Ankle Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eats.2017.08.050","volume":"7","author":"Shun Hau WW","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arthrosc Tech"},{"issue":"3","key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1177\/107110079401500305","volume":"15","author":"Steinbock G","year":"1994","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"issue":"6","key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1177\/107110070502600603","volume":"26","author":"Title CI","year":"2005","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"issue":"4","key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.L.01378","volume":"96","author":"Toussaint RJ","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"B30","volume-title":"Abstract presented at the 6th IFFAS Triennial Meeting\/Foot and Ankle Surgery","author":"Urbina C","year":"2017"},{"issue":"4","key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150870","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsm.2021.150870","volume":"29","author":"Wallace SB","year":"2021","journal-title":"Oper Tech Sports Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197961020-00025","volume":"61","author":"Zoellner G","year":"1979","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Hospital Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.magonlinelibrary.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.12968\/hmed.2022.0257","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T10:01:18Z","timestamp":1770372078000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.imrpress.com\/journal\/BJHM\/84\/10\/10.12968\/hmed.2022.0257"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.12968\/hmed.2022.0257"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12968\/hmed.2022.0257","relation":{},"ISSN":["1750-8460","1759-7390"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1750-8460","type":"print"},{"value":"1759-7390","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]]}}}