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Diagnostic advances include improving the detection of hallmark biomarkers\u2014amyloid beta (A\u03b2) and phosphorylated tau (p-tau)\u2014via neuroimaging modalities, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis, and increasingly accessible plasma-based assays. Disease-modifying therapies which target amyloid, including Lecanemab and Donanemab, offer promising avenues but require close clinical monitoring due to associated risks such as amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA). While the amyloid and tau hypotheses continue to underpin much of the pathophysiological understanding of AD, current models also recognise the role of additional mechanisms such as chronic neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, broadening the scope for therapeutic targets. Collectively, these diagnostic and therapeutic advances represent a significant shift in AD early identification and management, with implications for the individual patient and the healthcare system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.12968\/hmed.2025.0492","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T08:01:57Z","timestamp":1766131317000},"page":"1-19","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Advances in Diagnostics and Treatments for Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.31083","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"Alexander","family":"Sunderland","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Gloucestershire Health and Care NHS Foundation Trust, Gloucester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra Louise","family":"Thatcher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gloucestershire Health and Care NHS Foundation Trust, Gloucester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily Victoria","family":"Rackley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gloucestershire Health and Care NHS Foundation Trust, Gloucester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tarun","family":"Kuruvilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gloucestershire Health and Care NHS Foundation Trust, Gloucester, UK"},{"name":"School of Health & Social Care, University of Gloucestershire, Gloucester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"16242","reference":[{"key":"B1","unstructured":"Alector. 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