{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T03:54:43Z","timestamp":1773287683762,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Mark Allen Group","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Wound Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title><jats:p>It has been shown that galectin-3 (Gal-3) promotes angiogenesis and new vessel formation. Serum Gal-3 is a risk factor for vascular complications in type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study is to compare Gal-3 levels with a range of biochemical parameters.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title><jats:p>A prospective study consisted of individuals as a control group (group 1), patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes without DFUs (group 2), and patients with type 2 diabetes with a DFU (group 3). Patient levels of endothelin-1 (ET-1), vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), nitric oxide (NO), and Gal-3 were measured.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>In total, 91 patients participated, (28 male, 63 female with a mean age of 55.83\u00b16.35 years) Mean ET-1 (39.0\u00b116.9), NO (17.6\u00b17.6), VEGF-A (33.5\u00b113.4) and Gal-3 (535.1\u00b1420.5) levels were significantly higher in group 3 compared with the other two groups (p&lt;0.01). Furthermore, the Gal-3 level was positively and statistically significantly correlated with C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), ET-1 and NO levels in all groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>In our study, the level of Gal-3 was shown to be positively correlated with the VEGF-A level. Hence, Gal-3 can be considered as a defence mechanism against complications of diabetes, thus contributing to wound healing. Gal-3 may play a critical role in DFU formation and progression. Moreover, it could be suggested that Gal-3 may give an indication of prognosis, as it elevates VEGF-A levels and stimulates angiogenesis. Further studies are required to confirm the findings of this study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.12968\/jowc.2018.27.12.843","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,17]],"date-time":"2018-12-17T17:45:05Z","timestamp":1545068705000},"page":"843-848","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Investigation of galectin-3 levels in diabetic foot ulcers"],"prefix":"10.12968","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Ali Erdal","family":"Gunes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistant Professor, Harran University, School of Medicine, Department of Underwater and Hyperbaric Medicine, Sanliurfa, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mehmet Ali","family":"Eren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Professor, Harran University, School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology, Sanliurfa, 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