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An additional benefit of this protein is the delivery of bioavailable cysteine (cystine) to promote glutathione (GSH) synthesis which supports immune function and heightens antioxidant defences. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p> Patients with category II, III and IV PUs were fed 20g BID whey protein dietary supplement for 16\u2013120 days, without change in ongoing \u2018best practice\u2019 PU management and their progress recorded. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p> A total of 10 patients were recruited, with an average age of 77 years. Most had shown no improvement in healing for \u22652 months before treatment and usually had other complications including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), diabetes and various cardiovascular diseases. There were a total of 23 PUs, with some patients having more than one. Of these, 44% (n=10) showed complete resolution 83% (n=19) had better than 75% resolution over the observation period. Healing rates ranged from 16.9\u20130.2cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\/month (healed PUs) and 60.0\u20131.6cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\/month for resolving PUs. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p> By providing the necessary amino acids to rebuild tissues and bioactive cysteine (cystine) to promote synthesis of intracellular GSH and positive nitrogen balance, improvement in PUs healing was achieved. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.12968\/jowc.2019.28.sup7.s16","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,11]],"date-time":"2019-07-11T17:39:41Z","timestamp":1562866781000},"page":"S16-S23","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Cysteine\/cystine-rich undenatured whey protein supplement in patients' pressure ulcers outcomes: an open label study"],"prefix":"10.12968","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Jimmy B.L.","family":"Gutman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Senior Medical Adviser, Immunotec Inc., 300 Joseph Carrier, Vaudreuil-Dorion, QC Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia A.L.","family":"Kongshavn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Advisory Board Member, Immunotec Inc., 24-520 Marsett Place, Victoria, BC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"5130","reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13049-016-0326-0"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jan.13166"},{"key":"B4","unstructured":"Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health. 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