{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T02:52:19Z","timestamp":1787021539635,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Mark Allen Group","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Wound Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To appraise the performance of a new point-of-care wound infection detection kit in diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), using clinician opinion as the primary comparator. The proprietary swab-based chromatic Glycologic (Glycologic Ltd., UK) detection kit used in this study is designed to detect host response to pathogenic levels of bacteria in wounds.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In high-risk podiatry clinics, patients with DFUs were recruited and infection detection kit test results compared with initial clinician opinion. Chi-squared tests, principal component analysis (PCA) and multiple regression analysis were performed to determine which variables were possibly associated with infection. The variables considered were patients' wound parameters, wider vascular comorbidity and demographics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 136 patients, providing 383 wound swabs, were included in the study. Total agreement in terms of DFU wound assessment for infection\u2014between podiatrists' clinical opinion and Glycologic kit test result\u2014was observed in 79% of cases (301\/383). For 56 of the 349 negative infection detection kit test results (16%), podiatrists identified a \u2018possible\u2019 or \u2018definite\u2019 infection. Conversely, in 14 of the 307 cases (4.6%) where podiatrists deemed the wound \u2018not infected\u2019, the infection detection kit test showed a colour change. Regression analysis and PCA showed that clinical signs of wound infection, namely erythema, purulence and odour, were all significantly associated with both a positive clinical opinion and infection detection kit test result. However, in the case of the infection detection kit, a patient's number of lesions and vascular comorbidities were also significantly correlated with a positive test result.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A host response to critical pathological levels of bioburden in a wound\u2014as detected with the infection detection kit\u2014may partly be determined by an individual patient's (vascular) health and therefore be person-specific. Further research is indicated to determine the relationship between an infection detection kit test result and the microbiological status of the wound.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.12968\/jowc.2020.29.11.649","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,11]],"date-time":"2020-11-11T14:03:20Z","timestamp":1605103400000},"page":"649-657","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Point-of-care testing for bacterial infection in diabetic foot ulcers: a prospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.12968","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Leon","family":"Jonker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"North Cumbria Integrated Care NHS Foundation Trust, Carlisle"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danielle","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North Cumbria Integrated Care NHS Foundation Trust, Carlisle"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emma","family":"Mark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North Cumbria Integrated Care NHS Foundation Trust, Carlisle"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose","family":"Schutter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North Cumbria Integrated Care NHS Foundation Trust, Carlisle"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Thornthwaite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North Cumbria Integrated Care NHS Foundation Trust, Carlisle"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shona","family":"Johnston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North Cumbria Integrated Care NHS Foundation Trust, Carlisle"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"5130","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"B2","first-page":"32","volume":"11","author":"Grothier L","year":"2015","journal-title":"Wounds UK"},{"issue":"2","key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-0960.1992.tb00083.x","volume":"33","author":"Halbert AR","year":"1992","journal-title":"Australas J Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2006.01830.x","volume":"23","author":"O'Meara S","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-014-0232-0","volume":"13","author":"Spichler A","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e019437","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-019437","volume":"8","author":"Nelson A","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"10","key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2693","DOI":"10.2337\/dc14-0051","volume":"37","author":"Gardner SE","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-197602000-00002","volume":"16","author":"Levine NS","year":"1976","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"issue":"6","key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.2337\/dc05-2425","volume":"29","author":"Lavery LA","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1524-475x.1999.00007.x","volume":"7","author":"Boulton AJ","year":"1999","journal-title":"Wound Rep Regen"},{"issue":"1","key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.12816","volume":"15","author":"Guest JF","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int Wound J"},{"issue":"2","key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02289447","volume":"30","author":"Horn JL.","year":"1965","journal-title":"Psychometrika"},{"key":"B15","unstructured":"Tabachnik BG, Fidell LS. 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