{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T21:56:54Z","timestamp":1772143014179,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Mark Allen Group","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Wound Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the effect of microcurrent electrical stimulation therapy (EST) on pain from hard-to-heal wounds and quantity\/type of analgesic needed in its management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with painful, stalled leg ulcers were treated with microcurrent EST. Pain scores (0\u201310 on a numerical rating scale (NRS)) and analgesic consumption were recorded daily for a seven-day run-in period and during treatment with EST for 24 days. Patients were followed up for six months.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There were 20 patients in the experimental cohort. The median wound duration was nine months (range: 1.5\u201360 months); wounds included venous (14\/20), arterial (5\/20) and mixed aetiology (1\/20) ulcers. Mean wound pain reduced significantly, from a value of 5.7 at baseline to 3.7 after 24 days of treatment (n=20; p&lt;0.0001). Median time to achieve no\/mild pain (NRS 0\u20134) was five weeks after the start of treatment. The median number of analgesics being taken for wound pain reduced between baseline and end of treatment from 2 to 1 (range: 0\u20134 at both timepoints). Mean daily dose reductions were observed for gabapentin, ibuprofen and paracetamol. Among patients taking analgesics for wound pain at baseline, 3\/19 were able to discontinue all analgesia. After initiation of EST, the mean wound size reduction was 41% over four weeks, (10.2% reduction per week). The median time to healing was 18 weeks.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this clinical evaluation, patients treated with microcurrent EST reported reduction in pain and reduced analgesic consumption.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.12968\/jowc.2024.0235","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T17:05:48Z","timestamp":1762535148000},"page":"932-940","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Use of electrical stimulation therapy to reduce pain associated with hard-to-heal wounds and reduce reliance on pharmacological analgesics: a case series"],"prefix":"10.12968","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Maria","family":"Moon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Home Wound Care Ltd, Bognor Regis, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liz","family":"Hawes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Home Wound Care Ltd, Bognor Regis, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5245-3533","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daphne","family":"Hazell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Home Wound Care Ltd, Bognor Regis, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"5130","reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-045253"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.15787"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.13730"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcws.2008.12.001"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/jowc.2021.30.7.568"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines9111569"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijn.13041"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/wrr.13063"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtv.2021.12.002"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASW.0000695784.82605.1e"},{"issue":"1","key":"B12","first-page":"CD012196","volume":"1","author":"Arora M","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/wrr.12594"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.14071"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0104-11692012000400016"},{"key":"B17","first-page":"4","volume":"4","author":"Lessiani G","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Nov Physiother"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2005.01.028"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(01)00349-9"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2023.8154"}],"container-title":["Journal of Wound Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.magonlinelibrary.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.12968\/jowc.2024.0235","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T17:05:55Z","timestamp":1762535155000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.magonlinelibrary.com\/doi\/10.12968\/jowc.2024.0235"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.12968\/jowc.2024.0235"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12968\/jowc.2024.0235","relation":{},"ISSN":["0969-0700","2052-2916"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0969-0700","type":"print"},{"value":"2052-2916","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]]}}}