{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T03:18:41Z","timestamp":1788405521834,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.","issue":"32","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["World J Clin Cases"],"abstract":"BACKGROUND<\/jats:p>\n Pediatric complicated community-acquired pneumonia (CCAP) is on the rise. The three subtypes include para-pneumonic effusion (PPE), necrotizing pneumonia (NP), and empyema.<\/jats:p>\n AIM<\/jats:p>\n To study different sub-types of pediatric CCAP, and compare their etiology, clinical profile, and outcome in the post-pneumococcal vaccination era.<\/jats:p>\n METHODS<\/jats:p>\n This prospective observational study was conducted over a 2-year period. All details (demographics, clinical, management, and outcomes) were recorded. Continuous data were presented either as mean and SD, or as median and inter-quartile range. Categorical data were presented as frequencies and percentages (%). Data were analyzed by using the IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 21 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, United States).<\/jats:p>\n RESULTS<\/jats:p>\n Of the 80 cases included (71% aged 4-8 years), the distribution was as follows: PPE (42%), empyema (39%), and NP (19%). Bacterial etiology was identified in 28% (empyema 63%, P = 0.012). Staphylococcus aureus (45%) was most common followed by Escherichia coli (E. coli ) (22.7%), and Streptococcus pneumoniae (13.6%). Patients with empyema, compared to PPE and NP, were less likely to receive prior antibiotics (32% vs 56% and 58%, respectively, P = 0.03). Duration (days, mean \u00b1 SD) of hospitalization was longer in children with NP compared to empyema and PPE (17.7 \u00b1 9.8, 16.1 \u00b1 7.5, and 13.6 \u00b1 4.2, respectively). All children recovered with the medical management except 2 children requiring decortication.<\/jats:p>\n CONCLUSION<\/jats:p>\n Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli are the most common bacterial etiology in the post-pneumococcal vaccination era. Empyema might be related to a delay in antibiotics administration. NP is the most severe pediatric CCAP with prolonged hospitalization.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.12998\/wjcc.v13.i32.109094","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T01:21:22Z","timestamp":1762910482000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Clinical profile and outcome of complicated community-acquired pneumonia in children in the post-pneumococcal vaccination era"],"prefix":"10.12998","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Padmini","family":"Kanhar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunil K","family":"Agarwalla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rashmi R","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2060","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.23523"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.31119"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/tropej\/fmy040"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-024-01701-1"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5606\/tgkdc.dergisi.2024.25759"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.15386"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-018-2769-y"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.13172"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prrv.2024.02.003"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12062256"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines13040432"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13312-013-0215-9"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-011-0416-y"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.22855"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000001940"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/hpeds.2015-0100"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-014-2319-1"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.13853"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1986.02140190018005"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02730828"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0189-6725.137326"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24953\/turkjped.2021.06.007"}],"container-title":["World Journal of Clinical Cases"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.wjgnet.com\/2307-8960\/full\/v13\/i32\/109094.htm","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.wjgnet.com\/2307-8960\/full\/v13\/i32\/109094.htm","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T01:21:25Z","timestamp":1762910485000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.wjgnet.com\/2307-8960\/full\/v13\/i32\/109094.htm"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,16]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"32"},"alternative-id":["109094"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12998\/wjcc.v13.i32.109094","relation":{},"ISSN":["2307-8960"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2307-8960","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,16]]}}}