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The efficacy of systemic prophylactic antibiotics is unproven, and since the graft is avascular it is likely that levels of antibiotic in the graft are low. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Using an electrical potential to accelerate diffusion of antibiotics into allograft bone, high levels were achieved in specimens of both sheep and human allograft. In human bone these ranged from 187.1 mg\/kg in endosteal (sd 15.7) to 124.6 (sd 46.2) in periosteal bone for gentamicin and 31.9 (sd 8.9) in endosteal and 2.9 (sd 1.1) in periosteal bone for flucloxacillin. The antibiotics remained active against bacteria in vitro after iontophoresis and continued to elute from the allograft for up to two weeks. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Structural allograft can be supplemented directly with antibiotics using iontophoresis. The technique is simple and inexpensive and offers a potential means of reducing the rate of peri-operative infection in allograft surgery. Iontophoresis into allograft bone may also be applicable to other therapeutic compounds. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620x.87b11.16384","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,31]],"date-time":"2005-10-31T21:18:43Z","timestamp":1130793523000},"page":"1568-1574","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Iontophoresis as a means of delivering antibiotics into allograft bone"],"prefix":"10.1302","volume":"87-B","author":[{"given":"R. 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