{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T16:51:52Z","timestamp":1779900712376,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"British Editorial Society of Bone & Joint Surgery","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,1]],"date-time":"2007-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1180656000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/online.boneandjoint.org.uk\/TDM"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British volume"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> We investigated the three-dimensional morphological differences of the articular surface of the femoral trochlea in patients with recurrent dislocation of the patella and a normal control group using three-dimensional computer models. <\/jats:p><jats:p> There were 12 patients (12 knees) and ten control subjects (ten knees). Three-dimensional computer models of the femur, including the articular cartilage, were created. Evaluation was performed on the shape of the articular surface, focused on its convexity, and the proximal and mediolateral distribution of the articular cartilage of the femoral trochlea. The extent of any convexity, and the proximal distribution of the articular cartilage, expressed as the height, were shown by the angles about the transepicondylar axis. The mediolateral distribution of the articular cartilage was assessed by the location of the medial and lateral borders of the articular cartilage. <\/jats:p><jats:p> The mean extent of convexity was 24.9\u00b0 sd 6.7\u00b0 for patients and 11.9\u00b0 sd 3.6\u00b0 for the control group (p &lt; 0.001). The mean height of the articular cartilage was 91.3\u00b0 sd 8.3\u00b0 for the patients and 83.3\u00b0 sd 7.7\u00b0 for the control group (p = 0.03), suggesting a wider convex trochlea in the patients with recurrent dislocation of the patella caused by the proximally-extended convex area. The lateral border of the articular cartilage of the trochlea in the patients was more laterally located than in the control group. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Our findings therefore quantitatively demonstrated differences in the shape and distribution of the articular cartilage on the femoral trochlea between patients with dislocation of the patella and normal subjects. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620x.89b6.18514","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,5]],"date-time":"2007-07-05T04:05:54Z","timestamp":1183608354000},"page":"746-751","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Morphological analysis of the femoral trochlea in patients with recurrent dislocation of the patella using three-dimensional computer models"],"prefix":"10.1302","volume":"89-B","author":[{"given":"Y.","family":"Yamada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Toritsuka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Kansai Rosai Hospital, 3-1-69, Inabaso, Amagasaki, Hyogo 660-0064, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Yoshikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Sugamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Locomotor Biomaterial Limited to the Joint Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Horibe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Osaka Rosai Hospital, 1179-3, Nagasonecho, Sakai, Osaka 591-8025, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Shino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Osaka Prefecture University, 3-7-30, Habikino, Osaka 583-0872, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"42","reference":[{"key":"R1","unstructured":"Deutsch AL, Shellock FG, Mink JH. 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