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These cases were matched for age, gender, operating surgeon and date of operation with a group of patients with primary osteoarthritis who had been treated by resurfacing, to provide a control group of 96 hips (93 patients). A clinical and radiological follow-up study was performed. The dysplasia group were followed for a mean of 4.4 years (2.0 to 8.5) and the osteoarthritis group for a mean of 4.5 years (2.2 to 9.4). Of the dysplasia cases, 17 (18%) were classified as Crowe grade III or IV.<\/jats:p><jats:p>There were five (5.2%) revisions in the dysplasia group and none in the osteoarthritic patients. Four of the failures were due to acetabular loosening and the other sustained a fracture of the neck of femur. There was a significant difference in survival between the two groups (p = 0.02). The five-year survival was 96.7% (95% confidence interval 90.0 to 100) for the dysplasia group and 100% (95% confidence interval 100 to 100) for the osteoarthritic group. There was no significant difference in the median Oxford hip score between the two groups at any time during the study.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The medium-term results of metal-on-metal hip resurfacing in all grades of developmental dysplasia are encouraging, although they are significantly worse than in a group of matched patients with osteoarthritis treated in the same manner.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620x.90b6.20026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,6]],"date-time":"2008-06-06T14:19:40Z","timestamp":1212761980000},"page":"708-714","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Metal-on-metal hip resurfacing in developmental dysplasia"],"prefix":"10.1302","volume":"90-B","author":[{"given":"C. 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