{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T10:27:22Z","timestamp":1791973642529,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"British Editorial Society of Bone & Joint Surgery","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,1]],"date-time":"2009-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1251763200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/online.boneandjoint.org.uk\/TDM"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British volume"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Our study describes the clinical outcome of total ankle replacement (TAR) performed in patients with moderate to severe varus deformity. Between September 2004 and September 2007, 23 ankles with a varus deformity \u2265 10\u00b0 and 22 with neutral alignment received a TAR. Following specific algorithms according to joint congruency, the varus ankles were managed by various additional procedures simultaneously with TAR. <\/jats:p><jats:p> After a mean follow-up of 27 months (12 to 47), the varus ankles improved significantly in all clinical measures (p &lt; 0.0001 for visual analogue scale and American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society score, p = 0.001 for range of movement). No significant differences were found between the varus and neutral groups regarding the clinical (p = 0.766 for visual analogue scale, p = 0.502 for American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society score, p = 0.773 for range of movement) and radiological outcome (p = 0.339 for heterotopic ossification, p = 0.544 for medial cortical reaction, p = 0.128 for posterior focal osteolysis). Failure of the TAR with conversion to an arthrodesis occurred in one case in each group. <\/jats:p><jats:p> The clinical outcome of TAR performed in ankles with pre-operative varus alignment \u2265 10\u00b0 is comparable with that of neutrally aligned ankles when appropriate additional procedures to correct the deformity are carried out simultaneously with TAR. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620x.91b9.22411","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,31]],"date-time":"2009-08-31T21:42:45Z","timestamp":1251754965000},"page":"1183-1190","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":188,"title":["Total ankle replacement in moderate to severe varus deformity of the ankle"],"prefix":"10.1302","volume":"91-B","author":[{"given":"B. 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