{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T00:15:11Z","timestamp":1792282511972,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"British Editorial Society of Bone & Joint Surgery","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,1]],"date-time":"2011-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1304208000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/online.boneandjoint.org.uk\/TDM"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British volume"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> The use of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) for the treatment of congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia has been investigated in only one previous study, with promising results. The aim of this study was to determine whether rhBMP-2 might improve the outcome of this disorder. We reviewed the medical records of five patients with a mean age of 7.4 years (2.3 to 21) with congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia who had been treated with rhBMP-2 and intramedullary rodding. Ilizarov external fixation was also used in four of these patients. Radiological union of the pseudarthrosis was evident in all of them at a mean of 3.5 months (3.2 to 4) post-operatively. The Ilizarov device was removed after a mean of 4.2 months (3.0 to 5.3). These results indicate that treatment of congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia using rhBMP-2 in combination with intramedullary stabilisation and Ilizarov external fixation may improve the initial rate of union and reduce the time to union. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Further studies with more patients and longer follow-up are necessary to determine whether this surgial procedure may significantly enhance the outcome of congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia, considering the refracture rate (two of five patients) in this small case series. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620x.93b5.25938","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,21]],"date-time":"2011-04-21T16:23:37Z","timestamp":1303403017000},"page":"695-699","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Combined treatment of congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia, including recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2"],"prefix":"10.1302","volume":"93-B","author":[{"given":"A. S.","family":"Spiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Babin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric, Orthopaedic Surgery, Children\u2019s Hospital, Hamburg-Altona, Bleickenalle 38, 22763 Hamburg, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Lipovac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric, Orthopaedic Surgery, Children\u2019s Hospital, Hamburg-Altona, Bleickenalle 38, 22763 Hamburg, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Stenger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric, Orthopaedic Surgery, Children\u2019s Hospital, Hamburg-Altona, Bleickenalle 38, 22763 Hamburg, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Mladenov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric, Orthopaedic Surgery, Children\u2019s Hospital, Hamburg-Altona, Bleickenalle 38, 22763 Hamburg, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Rupprecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. M.","family":"Rueger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Stuecker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric, Orthopaedic Surgery, Children\u2019s Hospital, Hamburg-Altona, Bleickenalle 38, 22763 Hamburg, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"42","reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-200804000-00006"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01241398-199911000-00008"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.82B7.0821022"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-200212000-00032"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01241398-199709000-00018"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01241398-200311000-00011"},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200406000-00010"},{"key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.bpo.0000217716.64986.f0"},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.bpo.0000151054.54732.0b"},{"key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sampath TK, Maliakal JC, Hauschka PV, et al. Recombinant human osteogenic protein-1 (hOP-1) induces new bone formation in vivo with a specific activity comparable with natural bovine osteogenic protein and stimulates osteoblast proliferation and differentiation in vitro. J Biol Chem 1992;267:20352\u201362.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)88709-4"},{"key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200106000-00001"},{"key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(03)00191-1"},{"key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Spiro AS, Beil FT, Baranowsky A, et al. BMP-7 induced ectopic bone formation and fracture healing is impaired by systemic NSAID application in C57BL\/6-mice. J Orthop Res 2010;28:785\u201391.","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.21044"},{"key":"R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08977199609003228"},{"key":"R15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Friedlaender GE, Perry CR, Cole JD, et al. Osteogenic protein-1 (bone morphogenetic protein-7) in the treatment of tibial nonunions: a prospective, randomized clinical trial comparing rhOP-1 with fresh bone autograft. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 2001;83-A(Suppl):151\u20138.","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200100002-00010"},{"key":"R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200212000-00001"},{"key":"R17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Richards BS, Oetgen ME, Johnston CE. The use of rhBMP-2 for the treatment of congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia: a case series. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 2010;92-A:177\u201385.","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.H.01667"},{"key":"R18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee FY, Sinicropi SM, Lee FS, et al. Treatment of congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-7 (rhBMP-7): a report of five cases. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 2006;88-A:627\u201333.","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.D.02201"},{"key":"R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.88B1.16619"},{"key":"R20","unstructured":"Kujala S, V\u00e4h\u00e4sarja V, Serlo W, Jalovaara P. Treatment of congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia with native bovine BMP: a case report. Acta Orthop Belg 2008;74:132\u20136."},{"key":"R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.bpb.0000194439.75378.ac"},{"key":"R22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Crawford AH. Neurofibromatosis in the pediatric patient. Orthop Clin North Am 1978;9:11\u201323.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-5898(20)30878-6"},{"key":"R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01202412-200004000-00002"},{"key":"R24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.90B4.20153"},{"key":"R25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BPO.0b013e3181d075ab"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British volume"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/online.boneandjoint.org.uk\/doi\/pdf\/10.1302\/0301-620X.93B5.25938","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/online.boneandjoint.org.uk\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1302\/0301-620X.93B5.25938","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/online.boneandjoint.org.uk\/doi\/pdf\/10.1302\/0301-620X.93B5.25938","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,16]],"date-time":"2021-08-16T19:03:08Z","timestamp":1629140588000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/online.boneandjoint.org.uk\/doi\/10.1302\/0301-620X.93B5.25938"}},"subtitle":["A CASE SERIES"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,5]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1302\/0301-620X.93B5.25938"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/0301-620x.93b5.25938","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-620X","2044-5377"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-620X","type":"print"},{"value":"2044-5377","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,5]]}}}