{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T21:18:24Z","timestamp":1772054304044,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"British Editorial Society of Bone & Joint Surgery","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,1]],"date-time":"2011-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1309478400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/online.boneandjoint.org.uk\/TDM"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British volume"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> This review of the literature presents the current understanding of Scheuermann\u2019s kyphosis and investigates the controversies concerning conservative and surgical treatment. There is considerable debate regarding the pathogenesis, natural history and treatment of this condition. A benign prognosis with settling of symptoms and stabilisation of the deformity at skeletal maturity is expected in most patients. Observation and programmes of exercise are appropriate for mild, flexible, non-progressive deformities. Bracing is indicated for a moderate deformity which spans several levels and retains flexibility in motivated patients who have significant remaining spinal growth. <\/jats:p><jats:p> The loss of some correction after the completion of bracing with recurrent anterior vertebral wedging has been reported in approximately one-third of patients. Surgical correction with instrumented spinal fusion is indicated for a severe kyphosis which carries a risk of progression beyond the end of growth causing cosmetic deformity, back pain and neurological complications. There is no consensus on the effectiveness of different techniques and types of instrumentation. Techniques include posterior-only and combined anteroposterior spinal fusion with or without posterior osteotomies across the apex of the deformity. Current instrumented techniques include hybrid and all-pedicle screw constructs. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620x.93b7.26129","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,25]],"date-time":"2011-06-25T21:07:37Z","timestamp":1309036057000},"page":"857-864","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"title":["Scheuermann\u2019s kyphosis; current controversies"],"prefix":"10.1302","volume":"93-B","author":[{"given":"A. I.","family":"Tsirikos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Scottish National Spine Deformity Centre, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Sciennes Road, Edinburgh EH9 1LF, UK."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. K.","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scottish National Spine Deformity Centre, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Sciennes Road, Edinburgh EH9 1LF, UK."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"42","reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00008480-199902000-00015"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Damborg F, Engell V, Andersen M, Kyvik KO, Thomsen K. Prevalence, concordance, and heritability of Scheuermann kyphosis based on a study of twins. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 2006;88-A:2133\u20136.","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200610000-00003"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199912150-00010"},{"key":"R4","unstructured":"Cobb J. Outline for the study of scoliosis. Instr Course Lect AAOS 1948;5:261\u201375."},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Voutsinas SA, MacEwen GD. Sagittal profiles of the spine. Clin Orthop 1986;210:235\u201342.","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198609000-00034"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0b013e31817dfcc3"},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bradford DS, Ahmed KB, Moe JH, Winter RB, Lonstein JE. The surgical management of patients with Scheuermann\u2019s disease: a review of twenty-four cases managed by combined anterior and posterior spine fusion. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1980;62-A:705\u201312.","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198062050-00003"},{"key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Murray PM, Weinstein SL, Spratt KF. The natural history and long-term follow-up of Scheuermann kyphosis. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1993;75-A:236\u201348.","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199302000-00011"},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-005-0053-0"},{"key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sc.2008.133"},{"key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.64B4.7096412"},{"key":"R12","unstructured":"Weiss HR, Dieckmann J, Gerner HJ. Effect of intensive rehabilitation on pain in patients with Scheuermann\u2019s disease. Stud Health Technol Inform 2002;88:254\u20137."},{"key":"R13","unstructured":"Riddle EC, Bowen JR, Shah SA, Moran EF, Lawall H Jr. The duPont kyphosis brace for the treatment of adolescent Scheuermann kyphosis. J South Orthop Assoc 2003;12:135\u201340."},{"key":"R14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Soo CL, Noble PC, Esses SI. Scheuermann kyphosis: long-term follow-up. Spine J 2002;2:49\u201356.","DOI":"10.1016\/S1529-9430(01)00168-1"},{"key":"R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-7161-4-22"},{"key":"R16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sachs B, Bradford D, Winter R, et al. Scheuermann kyphosis: follow-up of Mil-waukee-brace treatment. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1987;69-A:50\u20137.","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198769010-00009"},{"key":"R17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bradford DS, Moe JH, Montalvo FJ, Winter RB. Scheuermann\u2019s kyphosis and roundback deformity: results of Milwaukee brace treatment. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1974;56-A:740\u201358.","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197456040-00009"},{"key":"R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198101000-00002"},{"key":"R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198805000-00009"},{"key":"R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-004-0750-0"},{"key":"R21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bradford DS, Moe JH, Montalvo FJ, Winter FB. Scheuermann\u2019s kyphosis: results of surgical treatment by posterior spine arthrodesis in twenty-two patients. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1975;57-A:439\u201348.","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197557040-00001"},{"key":"R22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198103000-00003"},{"key":"R23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Taylor TC, Wenger DR, Stephen J, Gillespie R, Bobechko WP. Surgical management of thoracic kyphosis in adolescents. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1979;61-A:496\u2013503.","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197961040-00002"},{"key":"R24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198705000-00005"},{"key":"R25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Otsuka NY, Hall JE, Mah JY. Posterior fusion for Scheuermann\u2019s kyphosis. Clin Orthop 1990;251:134\u20139.","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199002000-00021"},{"key":"R26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-199801000-00004"},{"key":"R27","unstructured":"Tsirikos AI. Scheuermann\u2019s kyphosis: an update. J Surg Orthop Adv 2009;18:122\u20138."},{"key":"R28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-200105000-00018"},{"key":"R29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.68B2.3958000"},{"key":"R30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199408000-00005"},{"key":"R31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jain AK, Maheshwari AV, Jena S. Kyphus correction in spinal tuberculosis. Clin Orthop 2007;460:117\u201323.","DOI":"10.1097\/BLO.0b013e3180514bfe"},{"key":"R32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Herndon WA, Sullivan JA, Yngve DA, Gross RH, Dreher G. Segmental spinal instrumentation with sublaminar wires: a critical appraisal. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1987;69-A:851\u20139.","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198769060-00009"},{"key":"R33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.BRS.0000134571.55158.01"},{"key":"R34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000180476.08010.c1"},{"key":"R35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200201150-00009"},{"key":"R36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000238977.36165.b8"},{"key":"R37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31815a5238"},{"key":"R38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2008.05.011"},{"key":"R39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000167672.06216.73"},{"key":"R40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0b013e31803d3b16"},{"key":"R41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Luque ER. Segmental spinal instrumentation for correction of scoliosis. Clin Orthop 1982;163:192\u20138.","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198203000-00028"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British volume"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/online.boneandjoint.org.uk\/doi\/pdf\/10.1302\/0301-620X.93B7.26129","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/online.boneandjoint.org.uk\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1302\/0301-620X.93B7.26129","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/online.boneandjoint.org.uk\/doi\/pdf\/10.1302\/0301-620X.93B7.26129","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,16]],"date-time":"2021-08-16T17:53:17Z","timestamp":1629136397000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/online.boneandjoint.org.uk\/doi\/10.1302\/0301-620X.93B7.26129"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,7]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1302\/0301-620X.93B7.26129"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/0301-620x.93b7.26129","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-620X","2044-5377"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-620X","type":"print"},{"value":"2044-5377","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,7]]}}}