{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T10:26:19Z","timestamp":1762251979126},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"British Editorial Society of Bone & Joint Surgery","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,1]],"date-time":"2013-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1377993600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/online.boneandjoint.org.uk\/TDM"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["online.boneandjoint.org.uk"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Bone &amp; Joint Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> We investigated the spinopelvic morphology and global sagittal balance of patients with a degenerative retrolisthesis or anterolisthesis. A total of 269 consecutive patients with a degenerative spondylolisthesis were included in this study. There were 95 men and 174 women with a mean age of 64.3 years (sd 10.5; 40 to 88). A total of 106 patients had a pure retrolisthesis (R group), 130 had a pure anterolisthesis (A group), and 33 had both (R+A group). <\/jats:p><jats:p> A backward slip was found in the upper lumbar levels (mostly L2 or L3) with an almost equal gender distribution in both the R and R+A groups. The pelvic incidence and sacral slope of the R group were significantly lower than those of the A (both p &lt; 0.001) and R+A groups (both p &lt; 0.001). The lumbar lordosis of the R+A group was significantly greater than that of the R (p = 0.025) and A groups (p = 0.014). The C7 plumb line of the R group was located more posteriorly than that of the A group (p = 0.023), but was no different from than that of the R+A group (p = 0.422). The location of C7 plumb line did not differ between the three groups (p = 0.068). The spinosacral angle of the R group was significantly smaller than that of the A group (p &lt; 0.001) and R+A group (p &lt; 0.001). <\/jats:p><jats:p> Our findings imply that there are two types of degenerative retrolisthesis: one occurs primarily as a result of degeneration in patients with low pelvic incidence, and the other occurs secondarily as a compensatory mechanism in patients with an anterolisthesis and high pelvic incidence. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B:1244\u20139. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620x.95b9.31237","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,30]],"date-time":"2013-08-30T14:20:22Z","timestamp":1377872422000},"page":"1244-1249","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1302\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Degenerative retrolisthesis"],"prefix":"10.1302","volume":"95-B","author":[{"given":"C-H.","family":"Jeon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ajou University School of Medicine, Department\rof Orthopaedic Surgery, San 5 Wonchon-dong, Youngtong-gu, Suwon, Kyounggi-do\rSuwon, Korea."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J-U.","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ajou University School of Medicine, Department\rof Orthopaedic Surgery, San 5 Wonchon-dong, Youngtong-gu, Suwon, Kyounggi-do\rSuwon, Korea."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N-S.","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ajou University School of Medicine, Department\rof Orthopaedic Surgery, San 5 Wonchon-dong, Youngtong-gu, Suwon, Kyounggi-do\rSuwon, Korea."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K-H.","family":"Son","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ajou University School of Medicine, Department\rof Orthopaedic Surgery, San 5 Wonchon-dong, Youngtong-gu, Suwon, Kyounggi-do\rSuwon, Korea."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Y-S.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ajou University School of Medicine, Department\rof Orthopaedic Surgery, San 5 Wonchon-dong, Youngtong-gu, Suwon, Kyounggi-do\rSuwon, Korea."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J-J.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ajou University School of Medicine, Department\rof Orthopaedic Surgery, San 5 Wonchon-dong, Youngtong-gu, Suwon, Kyounggi-do\rSuwon, Korea."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"42","reference":[{"key":"r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/17453678909154177"},{"key":"r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000155579.88537.8e"},{"key":"r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00024720-200204000-00001"},{"key":"r4","first-page":"472","volume":"65","author":"Berlemann U","year":"1999","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Belg"},{"key":"r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-011-1930-3"},{"key":"r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0730-4862(85)90079-4"},{"key":"r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00355101"},{"key":"r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198901000-00031"},{"key":"r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TA.0000073998.94089.D1"},{"key":"r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199808150-00012"},{"key":"r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000137069.88904.03"},{"key":"r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.92B6.23014"},{"key":"r13","first-page":"431","volume":"57","author":"Hu SS","year":"2008","journal-title":"Instr Course Lect"},{"key":"r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-200103000-00008"},{"key":"r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-196244030-00011"},{"key":"r16","unstructured":"Herbinaux G. Traite\u2019 sur divers accouchemens laborieux, et sur les polypes de la matrice. Bruxelles: J.L. DeBoubers, 1782."},{"key":"r17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000155556.32449.ae"},{"key":"r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-011-1928-x"},{"key":"r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000138279.53439.cc"},{"key":"r20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-010-1640-2"},{"key":"r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/01.neu.0000303194.02921.30"},{"key":"r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000142224.46796.a7"},{"key":"r23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s005860050038"},{"key":"r24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.bsd.0000117542.88865.77"},{"key":"r25","unstructured":"Cobb JR. Outline for the study of scoliosis: Instructional Course Lectures. Vol 5. Ann Arbor: The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 1948:261\u2013275."},{"key":"r26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-011-1924-1"},{"key":"r27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2006.08.011"},{"key":"r28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-011-1932-1"},{"key":"r29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181a13c08"},{"key":"r30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-005-0013-8"}],"container-title":["The Bone &amp; Joint Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/online.boneandjoint.org.uk\/doi\/pdf\/10.1302\/0301-620X.95B9.31237","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/online.boneandjoint.org.uk\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1302\/0301-620X.95B9.31237","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/online.boneandjoint.org.uk\/doi\/pdf\/10.1302\/0301-620X.95B9.31237","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,18]],"date-time":"2021-10-18T23:29:22Z","timestamp":1634599762000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/online.boneandjoint.org.uk\/doi\/10.1302\/0301-620X.95B9.31237"}},"subtitle":["Is it a compensatory mechanism for sagittal imbalance?"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1302\/0301-620X.95B9.31237"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/0301-620x.95b9.31237","relation":{},"ISSN":["2049-4394","2049-4408"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2049-4394","type":"print"},{"value":"2049-4408","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2012-11-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-05-02","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-09-01","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}