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Using a national database, patients who underwent lumbar fusion between 2006 and 2010 were identified, sub-grouped by diagnosis of sleep apnoea and compared. The impact of sleep apnoea on various outcome measures was assessed by regression analysis. The records of 84 655 patients undergoing posterior lumbar fusion were identified and 7.28% (n\u00a0=\u00a06163) also had a diagnostic code for sleep apnoea. Compared with patients without sleep apnoea, these patients were older, more frequently female, had a higher comorbidity burden and higher rates of peri-operative complications, post-operative mechanical ventilation, blood product transfusion and intensive care. Patients with sleep apnoea also had longer and more costly periods of hospitalisation.<\/jats:p><jats:p>In the regression analysis, sleep apnoea emerged as an independent risk factor for the development of peri-operative complications (odds ratio (OR) 1.50, confidence interval (CI) 1.38;1.62), blood product transfusions (OR 1.12, CI 1.03;1.23), mechanical ventilation (OR 6.97, CI 5.90;8.23), critical care services (OR 1.86, CI 1.71;2.03), prolonged hospitalisation and increased cost (OR 1.28, CI 1.19;1.37; OR 1.10, CI 1.03;1.18).<\/jats:p><jats:p>Patients with sleep apnoea who undergo posterior lumbar fusion pose significant challenges to clinicians.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2014;96-B:242\u20138.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620x.96b2.31842","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,3]],"date-time":"2014-02-03T10:09:09Z","timestamp":1391422149000},"page":"242-248","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Sleep apnoea adversely affects the outcome in patients who undergo posterior lumbar fusion"],"prefix":"10.1302","volume":"96-B","author":[{"given":"O.","family":"Stundner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Paracelsus Medical University, Department of Anaesthesiology, Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care Medicine, Muellner Hauptstrasse 48, 5020 Salzburg, Austria."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Y-L.","family":"Chiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Weill Medical College of Cornell University , Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, 402 East 67th Street, New York, 10065, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"X.","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Weill Medical College of Cornell University , Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, 402 East 67th Street, New York, 10065, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S-K.","family":"Ramachandran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Michigan Health System , Department of Anaesthesiology, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Gerner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The State University of New York, 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, New York, 11794, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Vougioukas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Freiburg, Department of Neurosurgery, Hugstetter Strasse 49, 79095 Freiburg, Germany."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Mazumdar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Weill Medical College of Cornell University , Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, 402 East 67th Street, New York, 10065, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S. 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