{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T17:38:00Z","timestamp":1787765880559,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Royal College of Surgeons of England","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["annals"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p> Predicting when fracture incidence will rise assists in healthcare planning and delivery of preventative strategies. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between temperature and the incidence of hip and wrist fractures. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p> Data for adults presenting to our unit with a hip or wrist fracture over a seven and eight-year period respectively were analysed. Incidence rates were calculated and compared with meteorological records. A Poisson regression model was used to quantify the relationship between temperature and fracture rate. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p> During the respective study periods, 8,380 patients presented with wrist fractures and 5,279 patients were admitted with hip fractures. All women (\u226550 years: p&lt;0.001; &lt;50 years: p&lt;0.001) and men aged \u226550 years (p=0.046) demonstrated an increased wrist fracture rate with reduced temperature. Men aged &lt;50 years also had an increased wrist fracture rate with increased temperature (p&lt;0.001). The hip fracture rate was highest in women aged \u226550 years but was not associated with temperature (p=0.22). In men aged \u226550 years, there was a significant relationship between reduced temperature and increased fracture rate (p&lt;0.001). <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p> Fragility fracture of the wrist is associated with temperature. Compared with an average summer, an additional 840 procedures are performed for wrist fractures during an average winter in our trust with an additional 798 bed days taken up at a cost of \u00a33.2 million. The winter increase seen in male hip fracture incidence requires approximately 888 surgical procedures, with 18,026 bed days, and costs \u00a37.1 million. Hip fracture incidence in older women is not related to temperature. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1308\/rcsann.2020.0030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]],"date-time":"2020-04-01T15:25:11Z","timestamp":1585754711000},"page":"348-354","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["The relationship between temperature and hip and wrist fracture incidence"],"prefix":"10.1308","volume":"102","author":[{"given":"NA","family":"Johnson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"ERB","family":"Stirling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Alexander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"JJ","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"171","reference":[{"key":"bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(01)00614-7"},{"key":"bib2","volume-title":"The Care of Patients with Fragility Fracture","author":"British Orthopaedic Association","year":"2007"},{"key":"bib3","volume-title":"Falls and Fractures","author":"Department of Health","year":"2009"},{"key":"bib4","volume-title":"Effective Secondary Prevention of Fragility Fractures","author":"Gittoes N","year":"2015"},{"key":"bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001980170076"},{"key":"bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3111\/200104051062"},{"key":"bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/153.5.465"},{"key":"bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3310\/hta19170"},{"key":"bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.97B8.35234"},{"key":"bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-015-3277-9"},{"key":"bib14","volume-title":"National Hip Fracture Database (NHFD) Annual Report 2015","author":"Royal College of Physicians","year":"2015"},{"key":"bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007531101765"},{"key":"bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000212954"},{"key":"bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001980050145"},{"key":"bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a117348"},{"key":"bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-010-1463-3"},{"key":"bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(03)00117-7"},{"key":"bib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.290.11.1479"},{"key":"bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4055\/cios.2013.5.3.161"},{"key":"bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e3181f1e837"},{"key":"bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.113.3.522"}],"container-title":["The Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/publishing.rcseng.ac.uk\/doi\/pdf\/10.1308\/rcsann.2020.0030","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,15]],"date-time":"2023-05-15T10:21:38Z","timestamp":1684146098000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publishing.rcseng.ac.uk\/doi\/10.1308\/rcsann.2020.0030"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1308\/rcsann.2020.0030"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1308\/rcsann.2020.0030","relation":{},"ISSN":["0035-8843","1478-7083"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0035-8843","type":"print"},{"value":"1478-7083","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]}}}