{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T18:45:32Z","timestamp":1787683532865,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Clin Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,12]]},"DOI":"10.1309\/7678-e2dw-hfj5-qyuj","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,15]],"date-time":"2004-04-15T14:42:18Z","timestamp":1082040138000},"page":"898-904","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Primary Diagnosis of Whipple Disease Manifesting as Lymphadenopathy"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"116","author":[{"given":"Serhan","family":"Alkan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theodore F.","family":"Beals","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bertram","family":"Schnitzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"E00001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-198601000-00011","author":"Feldman, M","year":"1986","unstructured":"Feldman M. Southern Internal Medicine Conference: Whipple's disease. Am J Med Sci. 1986;291:56-67.","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"key":"E00002","first-page":"464","author":"Sieracki, JC","year":"1958","unstructured":"Sieracki JC. Whipple's disease: observations on systemic involvement, I: cytologic observations. Arch Pathol. 1958;66:464-467.","journal-title":"Arch Pathol"},{"key":"E00003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/74.4.486","author":"Johnson, L","year":"1980","unstructured":"Johnson L, Diamond I. Cerebral Whipple's disease: diagnosis by brain biopsy. Am J Clin Pathol. 1980;74:486-490.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"E00004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(73)90264-7","author":"Pastor, BM","year":"1973","unstructured":"Pastor BM, Geerken RG. Whipple's disease presenting as pleuropericarditis. Am J Med. 1973;55:827-831.","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"E00005","first-page":"22","author":"Lie, JT","year":"1976","unstructured":"Lie JT, David JS. Pancarditis in Whipple's disease: electron microscopic demonstration of intracardiac bacillary bodies. Am J Clin Pathol. 1976;66:22-30.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"E00006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(59)90432-2","author":"Chears WC, Jr","year":"1959","unstructured":"Chears WC Jr, Smith AG, Ruffin JM. Diagnosis of Whipple's disease by peripheral lymph node biopsy: report of a case. Am J Med. 1959;27:351-353.","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"E00007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.53.10.750","author":"Misbah, SA","year":"2000","unstructured":"Misbah SA, Mapstone NP. Whipple's disease revisited. J Clin Pathol. 2000;53:750-755.","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"E00008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.173.2.697-703.1991","volume":"173","author":"Weisburg","year":"1991","unstructured":"Weisburg WG, Barns SM, Pelletier DA, et al. 16S ribosomal DNA amplification for phylogenetic study. J Bacteriol. 1991;173:697-703.","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"E00009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1573","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199012063232301","author":"Relman, DA","year":"1990","unstructured":"Relman DA, Loutit JS, Schmidt TM, et al. The agent of bacillary angiomatosis: an approach to the identification of uncultured pathogens. N Engl J Med. 1990;323:1573-1580.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"E00010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.3.5983.568","author":"Clancy, RL","year":"1975","unstructured":"Clancy RL, Tomkins WAF, Muckle TJ, et al. Isolation and characterization of an aetiological agent in Whipple's disease. Br Med J. 1975;3:568-570.","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"E00011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)90545-Z","author":"Wilson, KH","year":"1991","unstructured":"Wilson KH, Blitchington R, Frothinghanm R, et al. Phylogeny of the Whipple's disease-associated bacterium. Lancet. 1991;338:474-475.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"E00012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199207303270501","author":"Relman, DA","year":"1992","unstructured":"Relman DA, Schmidt TM, MacDermott RP, et al. Identification of the uncultured bacillus of Whipple's disease. N Engl J Med. 1992;327:293-301.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"E00013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1159\/000198017","author":"Tytgat, GN","year":"1977","unstructured":"Tytgat GN, Hoogencijk JL, Agenant D, et al. Etiopathogenetic studies in a patient with Whipple's disease. Digestion. 1977;15:309-321.","journal-title":"Digestion"},{"key":"E00014","first-page":"481","author":"Ashworth, CT","year":"1974","unstructured":"Ashworth CT, Douglas FC, Reynolds RC, et al. Bacillus-like bodies in Whipple's disease: disappearance with clinical remission after antibiotic therapy. Am J Med. 1974;37:481-490.","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"E00015","first-page":"138","author":"Dybkaer, R","year":"1965","unstructured":"Dybkaer R. The diagnosis, pathogenesis and treatment of Whipple's disease: illustrated by two cases. Dan Med Bull. 1965;12:138-144.","journal-title":"Dan Med Bull"},{"key":"E00016","first-page":"399","author":"Charache, P","year":"1966","unstructured":"Charache P, Bayless TM, Shelly WM, et al. Atypical bacteria in Whipple's disease. Trans Assoc Am Physicians. 1966;79:399-408.","journal-title":"Trans Assoc Am Physicians"},{"key":"E00017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3292","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.182.11.3292-3297.2000","author":"Maiwald, M","year":"2000","unstructured":"Maiwald M, von Herbay A, Lepp PW, et al. Organization, structure and variability of the rRNA operon of the Whipple's disease bacterium (Tropheryma whippelii). J Bacteriol. 2000;182:3292-3297.","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"E00018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200003023420903","author":"Raoult, D","year":"2000","unstructured":"Raoult D, Birg ML, La Scola B, et al. Cultivation of the bacillus of Whipple's disease. N Engl J Med. 2000;342:620-625.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"E00019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1467","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1989.03420100103032","author":"Southern, JF","year":"1989","unstructured":"Southern JF, Moscicki RA, Magro C, et al. Lymphedema, lymphocytic myocarditis, and sarcoidlike granulomatosis. JAMA. 1989;261:1467-1470.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"E00020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(87)90514-6","author":"Wilcox, GM","year":"1987","unstructured":"Wilcox GM, Tronic BS, Schecter DJ, et al. Periodic acid-Schiff-negative granulomatous lymphadenopathy in patient with Whipple's disease. Am J Med. 1987;83:165-170.","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"E00021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.12968\/hosp.2001.62.2.1515","author":"Turkington, P","year":"2001","unstructured":"Turkington P, Mac Donald A, Greenstone M. Lipogranulomatous adenopathy: a characteristic but under-recognized presentation of Whipple's disease. Hosp Med. 2001;62:114-115.","journal-title":"Hosp Med"},{"key":"E00022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(83)80089-4","author":"Gillin, JS","year":"1983","unstructured":"Gillin JS, Urmacher C, West R, et al. Disseminated Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare infection in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome mimicking Whipple's disease. Gastroenterology. 1983;85:1187-1191.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"E00023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-198806000-00009","author":"Truong, LD","year":"1988","unstructured":"Truong LD, Cartwright J Jr, Goodman MD, et al. Silicone lymphadenopathy associated with augmentation mammaplasty: morphologic features of nine cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 1988;12:484-491.","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"E00024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1972.00320030099012","author":"Rodarte, JR","year":"1972","unstructured":"Rodarte JR, Garrison CO, Holley KE, et al. Whipple's disease simulating sarcoidosis. Arch Intern Med. 1972;129:479-482.","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"E00025","year":"1989","unstructured":"Rosai J. Whipple's disease. In: Ackerman's Surgical Pathology. St Louis, MO: Mosby; 1989."},{"key":"E00026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)90505-X","author":"Cohen, L","year":"1996","unstructured":"Cohen L, Berthet K, Dauga C, et al. Polymerase chain reaction of cerebrospinal fluid to diagnose Whipple's disease. Lancet. 1996;347:329.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"E00027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2214","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)01776-6","author":"Ehrbar, HU","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ehrbar HU, Bauerfeind P, Dutly F, et al. PCR-positive tests for Tropheryma whippelii in patients without Whipple's disease [letter]. Lancet. 1999;353:2214.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"E00028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.37.1.152-156.1999","volume":"37","author":"Hinrikson","year":"1999","unstructured":"Hinrikson HP, Dutly F, Altwegg M. Homogeneity of 16S-23S ribosomal intergenic spacer regions of Tropheryma whippelii in Swiss patients with Whipple's disease. J Clin Microbiol. 1999;37:152-156.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"E00029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1735","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.1996.v110.pm8964398","author":"von Herbay, A","year":"1996","unstructured":"von Herbay A, Ditton HJ, Maiwald M. Diagnostic application of a polymerase chain reaction assay for the Whipple's disease bacterium to intestinal biopsies. Gastroenterology. 1996;110:1735-1743.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"E00030","year":"1989","unstructured":"Higuchi R. Simple and rapid preparation of samples for PCR. In: PCR Technology, Principles and Applications for DNA Applications. New York, NY: Stockton Press; 1989."},{"key":"E00031","first-page":"71","author":"Keren, D","year":"1981","unstructured":"Keren D. Whipple's disease. Crit Rev Lab Med. 1981;14:71-108.","journal-title":"Crit Rev Lab Med"},{"key":"E00032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.1995.tb03280.x","volume":"39","author":"Saruta","year":"1995","unstructured":"Saruta K, Hoshina S, Machida K. Genetic identification of Staphylococcus aureus by polymerase chain reaction using single-base-pair mismatch in 16S ribosomal RNA gene. Microbiol Immunol. 1995;39:839-844.","journal-title":"Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"E00033","first-page":"165","author":"McCabe, KM","year":"1995","unstructured":"McCabe KM, Khan G, Zhang YH, et al. Amplification of bacterial DNA using highly conserved sequences: automated analysis and potential for molecular triage of sepsis. Pediatrics. 1995;95:165-169.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"E00034","first-page":"382","author":"Whipple, GH","year":"1907","unstructured":"Whipple GH. A hitherto undescribed disease characterized anatomically by deposits of fat and fatty acids in the intestinal and mesenteric lymphatic tissues. Johns Hopkins Hosp Bull. 1907;18:382-391.","journal-title":"Johns Hopkins Hosp Bull"},{"key":"E00035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-6196(12)64884-8","volume":"63","author":"Fleming","year":"1988","unstructured":"Fleming JL, Wiesner RH, Shorter RG. Whipple's disease: clinical, biochemical, and histopathologic features and assessment of treatment in 29 patients. Mayo Clin Proc. 1988;63:539-551.","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"E00036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-126-7-199704010-00004","author":"Ramzan, NN","year":"1997","unstructured":"Ramzan NN, Loftus E Jr, Burgart LJ, et al. Diagnosis and monitoring of Whipple disease by polymerase chain reaction. Ann Intern Med. 1997;126:520-527.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"E00037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/90.12.765","author":"Misbah, SA","year":"1997","unstructured":"Misbah SA, Ozoils B, Franks A, et al. Whipple's disease without malabsorption: new atypical features. Q J Med. 1997;90:765-772.","journal-title":"Q J Med"},{"key":"E00038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199904)42:4<812::AID-ANR27>3.0.CO;2-S","author":"O'Duffy, JD","year":"1999","unstructured":"O'Duffy JD, Griffing WL, Li CY, et al. Whipple's arthritis: direct detection of Tropheryma whippelii in synovial fluid and tissue. Arthritis Rheum. 1999;42:812-817.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Clinical Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajcp\/article-pdf\/116\/6\/898\/4984681\/ajcpath116-0898.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]],"date-time":"2020-04-01T00:39:15Z","timestamp":1585701555000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajcp\/article-lookup\/doi\/10.1309\/7678-E2DW-HFJ5-QYUJ"}},"subtitle":["Use of Polymerase Chain Reaction for Detection of Tropheryma whippelii"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,12]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1309\/7678-E2DW-HFJ5-QYUJ"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1309\/7678-e2dw-hfj5-qyuj","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9173","1943-7722"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9173","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-7722","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,12]]}}}