{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T10:09:50Z","timestamp":1792663790826,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"American Spinal Injury Association","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Topics in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Objective: To evaluate whether urinary antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) can discriminate between asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) and urinary tract infection (UTI) in pediatric patients with neurogenic bladder (NGB). Design\/Methods: Bladder urine was collected from pediatric patients (\u226418 years old) with NGB without augmentation cystoplasty. Patients were divided into the following groups based on symptomatology and results of urinalysis\/urine culture: (a) UTI, (b) ASB, and (c) sterile. Urine AMPs \u03b2 defense 1 (BD-1), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), cathelicidin (LL-37), hepatocarcinoma-intestine-pancreas\/pancreatitis-associated protein (HIP\/PAP), and human \u03b1 defensin 5 (HD-5) were compared between groups by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. In addition, urines from pediatric controls without NGB or UTI were also analyzed. Significance was determined using Student's t test for parametric or Mann-Whitney U test for nonparametric data. A p value of &lt;.05 was considered significant. Results: Thirty-six patients with NGB from a spinal dysraphism were evaluated: UTI, n = 6; ASB, n = 18; sterile, n = 12. These groups did not differ significantly by age but did significantly differ by gender ( p = .0139). NGAL significantly differed between UTI and ASB groups (median 38.5 ng\/mg vs 15.5 ng\/mg, respectively; p = .0197) with a sensitivity and specificity of 82.4% and 83.3%, respectively. HIP\/PAP, BD-1, HD-5, LL-37, and NGAL levels were all significantly higher in sterile NGB urines compared to 17 non-NGB pediatric controls ( p &lt; .0001, p = .0020, p = .0035, p = .0006, and p = .0339, respectively). Conclusion: All five urinary AMPs evaluated were significantly elevated in NGB patients compared to controls. NGAL levels may help differentiate between UTI and ASB in pediatric NGB patients. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1310\/sci2503-214","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,11]],"date-time":"2019-09-11T20:20:27Z","timestamp":1568233227000},"page":"214-221","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Differentiating Asymptomatic Bacteriuria From Urinary Tract Infection in the Pediatric Neurogenic Bladder Population: NGAL As a Promising Biomarker"],"prefix":"10.46292","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Sudipti","family":"Gupta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Urology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio"},{"name":"Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janae","family":"Preece","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, 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