{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T23:04:48Z","timestamp":1777417488713,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7-8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,7,1]],"date-time":"2001-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":993945600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ann Pharmacother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To report the use and subsequent failure of the bladder-selective agent tolterodine, to treat clozapine-induced nocturnal enuresis in an adolescent patient with psychotic illness.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CASE SUMMARY:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 16-year-old Hispanic girl was admitted to the state psychiatric hospital with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder with psychotic features. Clozapine therapy was initiated, and after three months of treatment the patient began experiencing episodes of nocturnal enuresis. The bladder-selective agent tolterodine was tried and subsequently failed to resolve the enuresis episodes. Desmopressin was initiated, which resulted in amelioration of symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DISCUSSION:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is the first published report of using tolterodine to treat clozapine-induced nocturnal enuresis. Several methods to decrease clozapine-induced urinary incontinence have been used and typically include the addition of agents with high anticholinergic properties. Tolterodine is a bladder-selective anticholinergic agent indicated for the treatment of urinary urge incontinence and may be employed as a treatment for antipsychotic-induced incontinence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nocturnal enuresis is an adverse effect that infrequently occurs with use of clozapine therapy. Although tolterodine was ineffective in our patient to treat clozapine-induced nocturnal enuresis, further trials are required to appropriately evaluate the effectiveness of tolterodine to treat this adverse drug reaction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.10304","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,6,3]],"date-time":"2003-06-03T17:10:23Z","timestamp":1054660223000},"page":"867-869","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Failure of Tolterodine to Treat Clozapine-Induced Nocturnal Enuresis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Brett A","family":"English","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Brett A English PharmD, Research Scientist\/Assistant Professor, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Tuscaloosa, AL; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, McWhorter School of Pharmacy, Samford University, Birmingham, AL"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel J","family":"Still","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Daniel J Still PharmD BCPP, Clinical Psychiatric Pharmacologist\/Clinical Assistant Professor, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX; Texas Department of Mental Health and Mental Retardation, San Antonio State Hospital, San Antonio"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Harper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"John Harper MD, Staff Adolescent Psychiatrist, Texas Department of Mental Health and Mental Retardation, San Antonio State Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven R","family":"Saklad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Steven R Saklad PharmD BCPP, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio; Clinical Psychiatric Pharmacologist\/Clinical Assistant Professor, Texas Department of Mental Health and Mental Retardation, San Antonio State Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-aph.10304","first-page":"2155","volume-title":"Physician's desk reference","year":"2000","edition":"54"},{"key":"bibr2-aph.10304","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.149.2.224"},{"key":"bibr3-aph.10304","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v57n1102"},{"key":"bibr4-aph.10304","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2190\/P60R-PLED-TL09-TUEN"},{"key":"bibr5-aph.10304","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.19.4.267.30943"},{"key":"bibr6-aph.10304","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-2999(98)00214-3"},{"key":"bibr7-aph.10304","first-page":"308","volume":"15","author":"Gillberg PG","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neurourol Urodyn"},{"key":"bibr8-aph.10304","first-page":"310","volume":"15","author":"Nilvebrant L","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neurourol Urodyn"},{"key":"bibr9-aph.10304","first-page":"435","volume":"13","author":"Gillberg PG","year":"1994","journal-title":"Neurourol Urodyn"},{"key":"bibr10-aph.10304","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-2999(97)89661-6"},{"key":"bibr11-aph.10304","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0024-3205(97)00057-X"},{"key":"bibr12-aph.10304","volume-title":"Detrol (tolterodine)","year":"1998"},{"key":"bibr13-aph.10304","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.152.3.472a"},{"key":"bibr14-aph.10304","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004850-199603000-00010"},{"key":"bibr15-aph.10304","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v58n0906c"},{"key":"bibr16-aph.10304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v57n1109d","volume":"57","author":"Frankenburg FR","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"bibr17-aph.10304","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0094-0143(21)00104-X"}],"container-title":["Annals of Pharmacotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1345\/aph.10304","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1345\/aph.10304","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T11:04:56Z","timestamp":1777374296000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1345\/aph.10304"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,7]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7-8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1345\/aph.10304"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1345\/aph.10304","relation":{},"ISSN":["1060-0280","1542-6270"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1060-0280","type":"print"},{"value":"1542-6270","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,7]]}}}