{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T11:40:02Z","timestamp":1781264402335,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,4,1]],"date-time":"2000-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":954547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ann Pharmacother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the photoreaction potential of levofloxacin on exposure to solar-simulating radiation. Solar-simulating is ultraviolet (UV) light, defined as UVA in the 320\u2013400 nm range and UVB in the 290\u2013320 nm range.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DESIGN:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In a single-center, double-blind, randomized study, 30 adults (20 men, 10 women) received oral levofloxacin (500 mg qd x 5 d) or placebo. At baseline photoexposure prior to drug administration, each subject was exposed to UVB light at 0.75, 1.0, and 2.0 times the minimal erythema dose and to UVA light (25 J\/cm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ). Photoexposure was repeated on day 5, two hours following final drug administration, and response was determined using both a photoreaction rating scale and investigator assessment.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using the photoreaction rating scale, following UVB exposure on day 5, no abnormal photoreactions were observed among levofloxacin recipients. UVA exposure was associated with mild reactions in 20 of 24 levofloxacin-treated and three of six placebo-treated subjects, with no associated symptoms. By investigator assessment, all subjects had a negative reaction to UVB photoexposure, and 10 of 24 levofloxacin-treated and three of six placebo-treated subjects had a photoreaction following UVA photoexposure. Dermal reactions were mild and similar for both treatment groups. No subject experienced an immediate wheal-and-flare reaction. There were no statistically significant differences between treatment groups for any of the comparisons.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Levofloxacin has a low photosensitizing potential when administered to healthy subjects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.18134","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,6,3]],"date-time":"2003-06-03T16:37:57Z","timestamp":1054658277000},"page":"453-458","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Photoreaction Potential of Orally Administered Levofloxacin in Healthy Subjects"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Louis E","family":"Boccumini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Louis E Boccumini MS, at time of writing, Senior Clinical Research Associate, The RW Johnson Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Raritan, NJ; now, Senior Project Manager, Advanced Biologics, Lambertville, NJ"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cynthia L","family":"Fowler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cynthia L Fowler MD, Medical Director, Global Clinical Research and Development, The RW Johnson Pharmaceutical Research Institute"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theresa A","family":"Campbell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Theresa A Campbell MS, at time of writing, Senior Associate Biostatistician; now, Director of Global Management, The RW Johnson Pharmaceutical Research Institute"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda F","family":"Puertolas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Linda F Puertolas EdM, at time of writing, Senior Medical Writer; The RW Johnson Pharmaceutical Research Institute; now, Principle Scientist, GlaxoWellcome, Inc., Research Triangle Park, NC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kays H","family":"Kaidbey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kays H Kaidbey MD, Adjunct Professor of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Medical School, Philadelphia, PA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-aph.18134","unstructured":"Physicians' desk reference. 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European clinical experience with sparfloxacin in respiratory tract infection (abstract). In: Program and Abstracts of the 19th International Congress of Chemotherapy, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, July 16\u201322, 1995."},{"key":"bibr12-aph.18134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/160.5.910"},{"key":"bibr13-aph.18134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(92)90314-2"},{"key":"bibr14-aph.18134","first-page":"86","volume":"9","author":"Izu R","year":"1992","journal-title":"Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed"},{"key":"bibr15-aph.18134","first-page":"159","volume":"9","author":"Kang JS","year":"1993","journal-title":"Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed"},{"key":"bibr16-aph.18134","first-page":"57","volume":"6","author":"Kawabe Y","year":"1989","journal-title":"Photodermatology"},{"key":"bibr17-aph.18134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1992.tb00860.x"},{"key":"bibr18-aph.18134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.1994.180"},{"key":"bibr19-aph.18134","first-page":"579","volume":"41","author":"Matsui C","year":"1987","journal-title":"Jpn J Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"bibr20-aph.18134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1989.01670150123025"},{"key":"bibr21-aph.18134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00365549209062463"},{"key":"bibr22-aph.18134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01667847"},{"key":"bibr23-aph.18134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/0001555562246248"},{"key":"bibr24-aph.18134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4362.1993.tb02810.x"},{"key":"bibr25-aph.18134","first-page":"151","volume":"29","author":"Sugiura K","year":"1987","journal-title":"Rinsho Dermatol"},{"key":"bibr26-aph.18134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.41.10.2256"},{"key":"bibr27-aph.18134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1993.tb00173.x"},{"key":"bibr28-aph.18134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/515104"},{"key":"bibr29-aph.18134","unstructured":"Lipsky BA. Sparfloxacin: A new fluoroquinolone for community-acquired lower respiratory infections. Pharmacy & Therapeutics 1997 (April):187\u201397."},{"key":"bibr30-aph.18134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.19.1.21.30507"},{"key":"bibr31-aph.18134","volume-title":"Data on file"},{"key":"bibr32-aph.18134","unstructured":"Robertson D, Epling G, Kiely J, Bailey D. Quinolone antibacterials: in vitro phototoxicity and ringlet oxygen generation induced by PD117595 (abstract). In: Program and Abstracts of the 30th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Atlanta, GA, October 21\u201324, 1990."},{"key":"bibr33-aph.18134","unstructured":"Sanchez JP, Bridges AJ, Busch R, Domagala JM, Gogliotto RD, Heifetz CL,  New 8-trifluoromethyl substituted quinolones: the benefits of the 8-fluoro group with reduced phototonic risk (abstract). In: Program and Abstracts of the 30th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Atlanta, GA, October 21\u201324, 1990."}],"container-title":["Annals of Pharmacotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1345\/aph.18134","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1345\/aph.18134","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T11:03:14Z","timestamp":1777374194000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1345\/aph.18134"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,4]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1345\/aph.18134"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1345\/aph.18134","relation":{},"ISSN":["1060-0280","1542-6270"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1060-0280","type":"print"},{"value":"1542-6270","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,4]]}}}