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Fluoroquinolones are well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, have excellent tissue penetration, low protein binding, and long elimination half-lives. These antibiotics are effective in treating various infections and are well tolerated in adults. However, the use of fluoroquinolones in children has been restricted due to potential cartilage damage that occurred in research with immature animals. Fluoroquinolones have been used in children on a compassionate basis. Ciprofloxacin is the most frequently used fluoroquinolone in children, most often in the treatment of pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis as well as salmonellosis and shigellosis. Other uses include chronic suppurative otitis media, meningitis, septicemia, and urinary tract infection. Safety data of fluoroquinolones in children appear to be similar to those in adults. Fluoroquinolones are associated with tendinitis and reversible arthralgia in adults and children. However, direct association between fluoroquinolones and arthropathy remains uncertain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fluoroquinolones have been found to be effective in treating certain infections in children. Additional research is needed to define the optimal dosage regimens in pediatric patients. Although fluoroquinolones appear to be well tolerated, further investigations are needed to determine the risk of arthropathy in children. However, their use in children should not be withheld when the benefits outweigh the risks.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.18146","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,6,3]],"date-time":"2003-06-03T16:37:47Z","timestamp":1054658267000},"page":"347-359","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Clinical Use of Fluoroquinolones in Children"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Abdullah A","family":"Alghasham","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Abdullah A Alghasham PharmD, Clinical Pharmacist in Infectious Diseases, College of Medicine and King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milap C","family":"Nahata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Milap C Nahata PharmD, Kimberly Professor of Pharmacy and Pediatrics, The Ohio State University; and Wexner Institute for Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-aph.18146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jm01240a021"},{"key":"bibr2-aph.18146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/11.Supplement_5.S902"},{"key":"bibr3-aph.18146","first-page":"371","volume":"47","author":"Von Rosenstiel N","year":"1993","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"bibr4-aph.18146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/11.Supplement_5.S996"},{"key":"bibr5-aph.18146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/26.suppl_B.41"},{"key":"bibr6-aph.18146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/23.Supplement_1.S19"},{"key":"bibr7-aph.18146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/13543784.3.2.93"},{"key":"bibr8-aph.18146","first-page":"269","volume":"61","author":"Ambrose PG","year":"1997","journal-title":"Connect Med"},{"key":"bibr9-aph.18146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajhp\/54.22.2569"},{"key":"bibr10-aph.18146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/23.Supplement_1.S25"},{"key":"bibr11-aph.18146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.17178"},{"key":"bibr12-aph.18146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2125.1996.03013.x"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr13-aph.18146","first-page":"495","volume":"49","author":"Mastuno K","year":"1995","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"bibr14-aph.18146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-199300453-00012"},{"key":"bibr15-aph.18146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-199513060-00004"},{"issue":"4","key":"bibr16-aph.18146","first-page":"346","volume":"82","author":"Giamarellou H","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"bibr17-aph.18146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.36.5.1086"},{"key":"bibr18-aph.18146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.40.9.2167"},{"key":"bibr19-aph.18146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.40.1.29"},{"key":"bibr20-aph.18146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199701000-00033"},{"key":"bibr21-aph.18146","unstructured":"Kearns GL, Bradley JS, Reed MD, Vincent J. 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