{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T22:47:00Z","timestamp":1777416420747,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,4,1]],"date-time":"1999-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":922924800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ann Pharmacother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To report a case of failure of treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) with trimethoprim\/sulfamethoxazole (TMP\/SMX) in a patient with HIV infection, despite an adequate serum SMX concentration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CASE SUMMARY:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 52-year-old white man was treated with TMP\/SMX for PCP. After discharge he returned to the hospital with worsening of the PCP despite a serum SMX concentration of 60 \u03bcg\/mL 18 hours after his last dose of TMP\/SMX.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DISCUSSION:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PCP is one of the most common complications of HIV infection. TMP\/SMX is the drug of choice for prophylaxis and treatment. The causes of therapeutic failure with this agent are not well documented.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Alternative therapies to TMP\/SMX should be seriously considered if the serum concentrations are therapeutic and the patient is not clinically improved.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.18225","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,11]],"date-time":"2004-03-11T17:08:19Z","timestamp":1079024899000},"page":"413-415","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Therapeutic Failure of Trimethoprim\/Sulfamethoxazole in the Treatment of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Jaffar A","family":"Al-Tawfiq","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jaffar A Al-Tawfiq MBBS, Fellow, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suellyn J","family":"Sorensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Suellyn J Sorensen PharmD, Clinical Pharmacist, Infectious Diseases, Indiana University Hospital of Clarian Health; Assistant Professor of Pharmacy Practice, Butler University College of Pharmacy, Indianapolis"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Herbert E","family":"Cushing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Herbert E Cushing MD, Clinical Director, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Indiana University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1999,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-aph.18225","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-124-7-199604010-00003"},{"key":"bibr2-aph.18225","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/21.Supplement_1.S44"},{"key":"bibr3-aph.18225","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-109-4-280"},{"key":"bibr4-aph.18225","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199212243272606"},{"key":"bibr5-aph.18225","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197609232951308"},{"key":"bibr6-aph.18225","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(84)90670-3"},{"key":"bibr7-aph.18225","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/162.6.1365"},{"key":"bibr8-aph.18225","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199011223232131"},{"key":"bibr9-aph.18225","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199305273282103"},{"key":"bibr10-aph.18225","first-page":"762","volume":"125","author":"Mitsuyasu RT","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"bibr11-aph.18225","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(78)80028-6"},{"key":"bibr12-aph.18225","unstructured":"Walzer PO. Pneumocystis carinii. In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R, eds. Principles and practice of infectious diseases. 4th ed. New York: Churchill Livingstone, 1995: 2475\u201387."},{"key":"bibr13-aph.18225","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/172.2.595"},{"key":"bibr14-aph.18225","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-110-8-606"},{"key":"bibr15-aph.18225","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199310000-00001"}],"container-title":["Annals of Pharmacotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1345\/aph.18225","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1345\/aph.18225","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T11:02:11Z","timestamp":1777374131000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1345\/aph.18225"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,4]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1345\/aph.18225"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1345\/aph.18225","relation":{},"ISSN":["1060-0280","1542-6270"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1060-0280","type":"print"},{"value":"1542-6270","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,4]]}}}