{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T00:22:52Z","timestamp":1789950172409,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,9,1]],"date-time":"2003-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1062374400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ann Pharmacother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,9]]},"abstract":"\n OBJECTIVE:<\/jats:title>\n \n Previous studies have shown the efficacy of \u03b3-aminobutyric acid B (GABA\n B<\/jats:sub>\n ) receptor agonists in treating anxiety in patients with panic disorder and in treating depression and anxiety in alcoholic patients. We hypothesized that baclofen, a GABA\n B<\/jats:sub>\n agonist, would be an effective treatment in the symptomatic management of veterans with chronic posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n Fourteen male veterans with chronic, combat-related PTSD were enrolled in an open-label, 8-week, monotherapy trial of baclofen titrated to a maximum of 80 mg\/d in 3 divided doses. The primary outcome measure was the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS), and secondary outcome measures included the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety, the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale, and the Clinical Global Impressions.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n In the 11 patients who completed the 8-week trial, the mean total CAPS score decreased significantly from baseline (from 82.9 \u00b1 16.1 to 63.5 \u00b1 21.2). The avoidance and hyperarousal subscales showed significant decreases (from 36.2 \u00b1 6.2 to 26.5 \u00b1 9.6 and from 31.9 \u00b1 6.5 to 22.1 \u00b1 7.1, respectively), whereas the re-experiencing subscale remained unchanged. Significant improvements were also noted on all secondary outcome measures. Treatment response was noted within the first 4 weeks of treatment and was maintained throughout the trial. Baclofen therapy was well tolerated, as only 1 patient dropped out due to adverse effects.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n Baclofen therapy was effective in treating both the PTSD symptoms and accompanying depression and anxiety in patients with chronic PTSD due to combat. Larger, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies are needed to confirm the efficacy of baclofen in the treatment of PTSD.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.1c465","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,2]],"date-time":"2003-07-02T11:18:00Z","timestamp":1057144680000},"page":"1177-1181","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["Baclofen Treatment for Chronic Posttraumatic Stress Disorder"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Roger G","family":"Drake","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Roger G Drake PharmD, Director of Clinical Pharmacy, Bryce Hospital, Tuscaloosa, AL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lori L","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lori L Davis MD, Associate Professor, Department of Psychiatry, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL; Coordinator of Research and Development, Tuscaloosa Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Tuscaloosa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marshall E","family":"Cates","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marshall E Cates PharmD BCPP FASHP, Associate Professor, McWhorter School of Pharmacy, Samford University, Birmingham; Clinical Pharmacy Specialist, Tuscaloosa Veterans Affairs Medical Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele E","family":"Jewell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michele E Jewell MA, Research Coordinator, Tuscaloosa Veterans Affairs Medical Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra M","family":"Ambrose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sandra M Ambrose RN, Research Coordinator, Tuscaloosa Veterans Affairs Medical Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joette S","family":"Lowe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joette S Lowe PharmD, Pharmacy Director, Tuscaloosa Veterans Affairs Medical Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-aph.1C465","unstructured":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 4th ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association, 1994."},{"key":"bibr2-aph.1C465","first-page":"318","volume":"22","author":"Davis LL","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Psychiatry Neurosci"},{"key":"bibr3-aph.1C465","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-199606000-00004"},{"key":"bibr4-aph.1C465","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.2.10.1583"},{"key":"bibr5-aph.1C465","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.146.3.353"},{"key":"bibr6-aph.1C465","first-page":"647","volume":"32","author":"Davis LL","year":"1996","journal-title":"Psychopharmacol Bull"},{"key":"bibr7-aph.1C465","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4530(96)00048-0"},{"key":"bibr8-aph.1C465","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0376-8716(93)90057-W"},{"key":"bibr9-aph.1C465","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(96)00413-1"},{"key":"bibr10-aph.1C465","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0327(95)00025-I"},{"key":"bibr11-aph.1C465","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-9498-4_4"},{"key":"bibr12-aph.1C465","unstructured":"Vaiva G, Boss V, Addesa G, Cottencin O, Fontaine M, Fontaine C, Low GABA levels and posttraumatic stress disorder (abstract). 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