{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T23:35:22Z","timestamp":1777419322052,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,1]],"date-time":"2008-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1207008000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ann Pharmacother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To review the pharmacology and clinical evidence of the use of vernakalant in the management of atrial fibrillation (AF).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DATA SOURCES:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Peer-reviewed articles published in the English language were identified from MEDLINE and Current Contents databases (both 1966\u2013March 5, 2008) using the search terms RSD 1235 and vernakalant. Citations from available articles and recent meeting abstracts were reviewed for additional references. During the preparation of this article, vernakalant was being reviewed by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Therefore, information posted on the FDA Web site was also evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Phase 2 and Phase 3 clinical studies of both intravenous and oral vernakalant were reviewed. The design and results of the studies were critically evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DATA SYNTHESIS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Vernakalant is a sodium and ultra-rapid potassium channel blocker with atrial selective effects. In 2 clinical studies evaluating use of intravenous vernakalant in cardioversion of patients with recent-onset AF, vernakalant improved the chance of restoration of normal sinus rhythm (combined results 51% vs 3.8% with placebo; p &lt; 0.001). In postoperative AF, intravenous vernakalant also improved the chance of restoration of normal sinus rhythm (45% vs 15% with placebo; p = 0.0002). Early Phase 2 studies demonstrated that oral vernakalant 300 mg or 600 mg twice daily successfully maintained sinus rhythm compared with placebo. No proarrhythmias relating to vernakalant have been reported to date. Common adverse effects include dysgeusia, sneezing, and paresthesia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Vernakalant is a new atrial-selective antiarrhythmic agent. Phase 3 clinical trials of the intravenous formulation and early Phase 2 studies of the oral formulation demonstrated vernakalant to be efficacious and safe in converting recent-onset AF to sinus rhythm. Further studies are needed to explore the efficacy and safety of vernakalant use in patients with severe heart failure and AF, as well as its relative efficacy and safety compared with other antiarrhythmic agents, especially with long-term use.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.1k542","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,11]],"date-time":"2008-03-11T23:34:23Z","timestamp":1205278463000},"page":"533-542","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Vernakalant in the Management of Atrial Fibrillation"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Judy WM","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Judy WM Cheng PharmD MPH FCCP BCPS, Professor of Pharmacy Practice, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences; Clinical Pharmacist, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-aph.1K542","unstructured":"American Heart Association. Heart disease and stroke statistics. http:\/\/circ.ahajournals.org\/cgi\/content\/full\/115\/5\/e69 (accessed 2007 Jul 3)."},{"key":"bibr2-aph.1K542","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.177292"},{"key":"bibr3-aph.1K542","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/heart.87.6.535"},{"key":"bibr4-aph.1K542","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.62.2.395"},{"key":"bibr5-aph.1K542","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-199448030-00003"},{"key":"bibr6-aph.1K542","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(92)90003-6"},{"key":"bibr7-aph.1K542","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(87)90199-8"},{"key":"bibr8-aph.1K542","unstructured":"FDA Advisory Committee recommends approval of Kynapid for acute atrial fibrillation. www.astellas.us\/press_room\/docs\/071211%20-%20 FDA%20Panel%20Vote%20-%20FINAL.pdf (accessed 2007 Dec 17)."},{"key":"bibr9-aph.1K542","first-page":"85","volume":"108","author":"Beatch GN","year":"2003","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"bibr10-aph.1K542","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2004.09.021"},{"key":"bibr11-aph.1K542","unstructured":"Cardiome Pharma Corp. Vernakalant (iv). www.cardiome.com\/vermakalantintravenous.php (accessed 2007 Jul 31)."},{"key":"bibr12-aph.1K542","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.116.suppl_16.II_636-c"},{"key":"bibr13-aph.1K542","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2006.07.602"},{"key":"bibr14-aph.1K542","unstructured":"Astellas Pharma U, Inc. Kynapid, vernakalant hydrochloride injection. NDA 22-034. www.fda.gov\/ohrms\/dockets\/ac\/07\/briefing\/2007-4327b1-01-astellas-backgrounder.pdf (accessed 2007 Dec 11)."},{"key":"bibr15-aph.1K542","unstructured":"Cardiome Pharma Corp. Vernakalant (oral). www.cardiome.com\/vernakalantoral.php (accessed 2007 Jul 31)."},{"key":"bibr16-aph.1K542","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.89.4.1665"},{"key":"bibr17-aph.1K542","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.102.2.260"},{"key":"bibr18-aph.1K542","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1994.tb17137.x"},{"key":"bibr19-aph.1K542","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.41.1.9"},{"key":"bibr20-aph.1K542","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.73.1.210"},{"key":"bibr21-aph.1K542","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2005.50028.x"},{"key":"bibr22-aph.1K542","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardiores.2006.01.026"},{"key":"bibr23-aph.1K542","first-page":"775","volume-title":"Hurst's the heart","author":"Woosley RL","year":"1994","edition":"8"},{"key":"bibr24-aph.1K542","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.97.5.493"},{"key":"bibr25-aph.1K542","volume-title":"DRUGDEX system","year":"2007"},{"key":"bibr26-aph.1K542","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00126839-200708040-00007"},{"key":"bibr27-aph.1K542","unstructured":"Mao ZL, Keirns J, Kastrissios H, Gao Y. Population pharmacokinetic analysis of vernakalant hydrochloride injection (RSD1235) in patients with atrial fibrillation or flutter.opulation pharmacokinetic analysis of vernakalant hydrochloride injection (RSD1235) in patients with atrial fibrillation or flutter. Presented at: American Society for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics 108th Annual Meeting, Anaheim, CA, March 21\u201324, 2007."},{"key":"bibr28-aph.1K542","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/FJC.0b013e3180547553"},{"key":"bibr29-aph.1K542","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2005.08.011"},{"key":"bibr30-aph.1K542","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/euhj.1999.1747"}],"container-title":["Annals of Pharmacotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1345\/aph.1K542","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1345\/aph.1K542","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1345\/aph.1K542","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T11:10:20Z","timestamp":1777374620000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1345\/aph.1K542"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,4]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1345\/aph.1K542"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1345\/aph.1k542","relation":{},"ISSN":["1060-0280","1542-6270"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1060-0280","type":"print"},{"value":"1542-6270","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,4]]}}}