{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T23:47:54Z","timestamp":1777420074349,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,1]],"date-time":"2013-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1359676800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ann Pharmacother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To review the literature regarding current strategies for the management of anemia associated with treatment for chronic viral hepatitis C (HCV) in adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DATA SOURCES:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The MEDLINE\/PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases were searched (January 1980-October 2012) for articles in English using the search terms anemia, ribavirin, dose reduction, erythropoietin stimulating agents, hepatitis C, HIV, liver transplant, telaprevir, and boceprevir.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All relevant original studies, meta-analyses, systematic reviews, guidelines, and review articles were assessed for inclusion. References from pertinent articles were examined for additional content not found during the initial search.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DATA SYNTHESIS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Standard of care for patients infected with HCV genotype 1 now requires a triple therapy regimen including an HCV NS3 protease inhibitor. These regimens lead to significantly higher rates of anemia compared to prior dual therapy regimens. Development of an optimal management strategy should begin with risk stratification. Ribavirin dose reductions have been recommended in the package inserts for the pegylated interferon products and studies have demonstrated the need for maintenance of 80% of the initial ribavirin dose to achieve optimal sustained virologic response (SVR) with dual therapy. The use of erythropoietin-stimulating agents has been shown to be effective for anemia caused by peginterferon and ribavirin without compromising SVR rates. Limited data have been published regarding the management of anemia with triple therapy; however, efficacy studies for boceprevir and telaprevir have used ribavirin dose reduction and erythropoietin-stimulating agents to successfully manage anemia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Anemia is a common adverse event associated with the use of ribavirin, and, more recently, the new HCV protease inhibitors. Ribavirin dose reduction should continue to be used as an initial anemia management strategy, with the use of erythropoietin alfa 40,000 units once weekly reserved for patients whose hemoglobin does not adequately respond to initial management strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.1r513","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,6]],"date-time":"2013-02-06T02:11:30Z","timestamp":1360116690000},"page":"228-236","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Anemia Management in Patients with Chronic Viral Hepatitis C"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Lauren M","family":"Hynicka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lauren M Hynicka PharmD BCPS, Assistant Professor of Pharmacotherapy, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emily L","family":"Heil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emily L Heil PharmD BCPS, Clinical Specialist, Infectious Disease, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-aph.1R513","unstructured":"Disease burden from viral hepatitis A, B and C in the United States. Updated December 14, 2011.www.cdc.gov\/hepatitis\/pdfs\/disease_burden.pdf (accessed 2012 Mar 15)."},{"key":"bibr2-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2009.09.067"},{"key":"bibr3-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-156-4-201202210-00004"},{"key":"bibr4-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.90.10.1562"},{"key":"bibr5-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23827"},{"key":"bibr6-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1012912"},{"key":"bibr7-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1010494"},{"key":"bibr8-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1013086"},{"key":"bibr9-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1009482"},{"key":"bibr10-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2006.01228.x"},{"key":"bibr11-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2893.2004.00490.x"},{"key":"bibr12-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-011-0412-z"},{"key":"bibr13-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2004.03459.x"},{"key":"bibr14-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-003-1363-9"},{"key":"bibr15-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/0886022X.2011.650562"},{"key":"bibr16-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(01)00029-0"},{"key":"bibr17-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08825"},{"key":"bibr18-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2010.06.016"},{"key":"bibr19-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2010.06.071"},{"key":"bibr20-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.06473-11"},{"key":"bibr21-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0b013e3283546efd"},{"key":"bibr22-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3851\/IMP1796"},{"key":"bibr23-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1872-034X.2010.00741.x"},{"key":"bibr24-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jir754"},{"key":"bibr25-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir665"},{"key":"bibr26-aph.1R513","volume-title":"Product information. Pegasys (peginterferon alfa-2a)","year":"2011"},{"key":"bibr27-aph.1R513","volume-title":"Product information. Peg Intron (peginterferon alfa-2b)","year":"2011"},{"key":"bibr28-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.35950"},{"key":"bibr29-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23073"},{"key":"bibr30-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2007.02.018"},{"key":"bibr31-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2009.10.015"},{"key":"bibr32-aph.1R513","volume-title":"Goodman & Gilman's the pharmacological basis of therapeutics","author":"Kaushansky K","year":"2011","edition":"12"},{"key":"bibr33-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2003.08700.x"},{"key":"bibr34-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.01.027"},{"key":"bibr35-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21712"},{"key":"bibr36-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.21657"},{"key":"bibr37-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-010-0868-4"},{"key":"bibr38-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2893.2007.00956.x"},{"key":"bibr39-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2002.32529"},{"key":"bibr40-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2001.04149.x"},{"key":"bibr41-aph.1R513","unstructured":"Campbell M, Sun J, Lee B, Kaplan D, Reddy K. Administration of erythropoietin for hepatitis C treatment-related anemia is not cost effective. Presented at: Programs and abstracts of the 56th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, San Francisco, CA, November 11\u201315, 2005."},{"key":"bibr42-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1185\/030079907X188189"},{"key":"bibr43-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(99)00390-3"},{"key":"bibr44-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2009.0120"},{"key":"bibr45-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2011.04648.x"},{"key":"bibr46-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jlts.2002.35860"},{"key":"bibr47-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jlts.2002.36241"},{"key":"bibr48-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261A","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(00)80071-9","volume":"32","author":"Obaid S","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"bibr49-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1014463"},{"key":"bibr50-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(12)61430-5"},{"key":"bibr51-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2010.02.005"},{"key":"bibr52-aph.1R513","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0807650"}],"container-title":["Annals of Pharmacotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1345\/aph.1R513","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1345\/aph.1R513","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1345\/aph.1R513","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T11:12:35Z","timestamp":1777374755000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1345\/aph.1R513"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1345\/aph.1R513"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1345\/aph.1r513","relation":{},"ISSN":["1060-0280","1542-6270"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1060-0280","type":"print"},{"value":"1542-6270","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]}}}