{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T04:52:38Z","timestamp":1768971158510,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":4597,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clays and clay miner."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Clay-rich deposits of Upper Cretaceous levels in the Taveiro (Reveles and S. Pedro) and Aveiro (Bustos) regions of west-central Portugal are economically and environmentally important, but detailed chemical and mineralogical characterization is lacking. The purpose of this study was to partially fill that gap by correlating the trace-element geochemistry (particularly the rare earth elements, <jats:italic>REE<\/jats:italic>) with the mineralogy of both the whole rock and of the &lt;2 \u03bcm fraction along selected stratigraphic levels of the formations. The results will help the ceramics industry in the region and will be important in paleoreconstruction environmental studies.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Mineralogical and chemical characterizations were carried out using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). The following clay-mineral associations were identified: (1) at Reveles \u2014 smectite, illite, and kaolin minerals; (2) at S. Pedro \u2014 kaolin minerals and illite; and (3) at Bustos \u2014 illite, kaolin minerals, and mixed-layer illite-smectite. The distribution of trace elements in the &lt;2 \u03bcm fraction depended on the clay mineralogy, suggesting that the trace elements were incorporated in, adsorbed to, or even replaced major elements in the clays, as follows: (1) first-row transition elements, particularly Zn and Ga, were enriched when smectite predominated; (2) As, Rb, and Cs were enriched in this fraction of the S. Pedro deposit, the only one with Fe (oxyhydr)oxides and a high proportion of illite; and (3) <jats:italic>REE<\/jats:italic> were more concentrated when kaolin minerals predominated. Eu was enriched in the &lt;2 \u03bcm fraction, which was due to preferential incorporation in the Fe (oxyhydr)oxides and\/or carbonates.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1346\/ccmn.2011.0590307","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,14]],"date-time":"2011-11-14T15:01:49Z","timestamp":1321282909000},"page":"315-327","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Upper Cretaceous Clayey Levels from Western Portugal (Aveiro and Taveiro Regions): Clay Mineral and Trace-Element Distribution"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Rosa","family":"Marques","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M. Isabel","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M. 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