{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T13:42:13Z","timestamp":1773236533240,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,24]],"date-time":"2010-12-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1293148800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":418,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["British J of Psychology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Set\u2010shifting refers to a process of cognitive control which is shown through flexible behavioural adaptation to changes in task parameters or demands, such as the switching of an explicit rule (extra\u2010dimensional rule shifting) or the reversal of a reinforcement\u2010contingency (reversal\u2010learning). Set\u2010shifting deficits are widely documented in specific neuropsychological disorders, but seldom investigated in relation to normally\u2010occurring individual differences. In a sample of healthy adults (\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    =78, 28% male), we demonstrate that Working Memory and trait Psychoticism have independent involvement in extra\u2010dimensional rule shifting as measured using an analogue of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. Only Psychoticism, however, was involved in reversal\u2010learning, as assessed using a recent modification of the Iowa Gambling Task. Individual differences in extra\u2010dimensional rule shifting were explained in terms of rule abstraction speed, while individual differences in reversal\u2010learning were explained in terms of response perseveration. These results clarify component processes in different forms of set\u2010shifting, and highlight the role of individual differences, especially personality, in cognitive control.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1348\/000712608x382094","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,2]],"date-time":"2008-12-02T03:00:37Z","timestamp":1228186837000},"page":"629-643","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Individual differences in cognitive control: The role of psychoticism and working memory in set\u2010shifting"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"100","author":[{"given":"Luke D.","family":"Smillie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ian J.","family":"Tharp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emma L.","family":"Pelling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.105.3.442"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780198528012.001.0001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0277(94)90018-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-2626(03)00276-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1163\/156856897X00357"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.115.3.552"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","unstructured":"Cella M. 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