{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T07:19:32Z","timestamp":1761895172955,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,11]],"date-time":"2011-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1299801600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["British J Health Psychol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Objectives.<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2003 Although embarrassment may be among the most easily modified discrete emotional barriers to patients seeking health care or testing, work in the area of colorectal cancer (CRC) has been restricted by the absence of suitable instrumentation. The current report describes the development and validation of a self\u2010report instrument assessing two specific aspects of CRC screening embarrassment and their links to screening outcomes.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Design.<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2003 Convenience sampling was used to recruit 245 European American, African\u2010American, and immigrant Caribbean community\u2010dwelling men and women (aged 45\u201375 years) living in Brooklyn, New York.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Methods.<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2003 Participants completed the measure of CRC screening embarrassment, an array of convergent and divergent validity measures including dispositional embarrassment, general medical embarrassment, neuroticism, trait emotion, social desirability, previous treatment avoidance because of embarrassment, relevant health characteristics, and a brief CRC screening history.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results.<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2003 As expected, CRC screening embarrassment was not unidimensional and had two reliable and distinct components, one concentrated on faecal\/rectal embarrassment and the other on embarrassment arising from unwanted intimacy during examinations. In addition to demonstrating patterns of convergent and divergent validity consistent with their separation, multivariate analyses indicated that faecal\/rectal embarrassment (but not intimacy concerns) predicted CRC screening frequency.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions.<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2003 The current report extends current understanding by identifying the specific sources of embarrassment that may contribute to patients' avoidance of CRC screening. Directions for future study and implications for clinical practice and interventions are discussed.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1348\/135910710x530942","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,11]],"date-time":"2010-10-11T03:55:29Z","timestamp":1286769329000},"page":"559-579","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["The many faeces of colorectal cancer screening embarrassment: Preliminary psychometric development and links to screening outcome"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Nathan S.","family":"Consedine","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Inga","family":"Ladwig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maike K.","family":"Reddig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth A.","family":"Broadbent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,11]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"Cancer prevention and early detection \u2013 facts and figures 2009","year":"2009","author":"American Cancer Society","key":"e_1_2_6_2_1"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"229","article-title":"Validity of self\u2010reported colorectal cancer screening behavior","volume":"9","author":"Baier M.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-9861.2001.tb00105.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0191-8869(84)90110-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2006.02.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2008.11.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327906mbr0102_10"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2004.05.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","first-page":"676","volume-title":"Handbook of emotions","author":"Consedine N. 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