{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T02:52:33Z","timestamp":1787021553349,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Executive function (EF) is frequently an area of vulnerability in conditions associated with intellectual disability, like Down syndrome (DS). However, current EF evaluation approaches are not designed for children with underlying neurodevelopmental conditions and may not demonstrate construct validity due to interpretational confounds. The current study evaluated the construct validity of a novel battery designed to reduce measurement confounds in the assessment of EF in young children with DS. Participants were 124 children with DS (ages 2 to 8 years) who completed a set of adapted EF tasks. Exploratory graph analysis demonstrated that a two-factor solution (an Inhibition factor and a Working Memory\/Flexibility factor) was the best fit for the data, providing evidence of construct validity for the adapted EF battery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1352\/1944-7558-130.3.195","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,27]],"date-time":"2025-04-27T20:01:49Z","timestamp":1745784109000},"page":"195-208","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Modeling the Latent Factor Structure of the \u201cEXcEEDS\u201d\n                    <u>(EX<\/u>\n                    ecutive function\n                    <u>E<\/u>\n                    arly\n                    <u>E<\/u>\n                    valuation in\n                    <u>D<\/u>\n                    own\n                    <u>S<\/u>\n                    yndrome) Battery"],"prefix":"10.1080","volume":"130","author":[{"given":"Kaylyn","family":"Van Deusen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kaylyn Van Deusen, Colorado State University; Mark A. Prince, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, and Colorado State University; Madison M. Walsh, Colorado State University; Lina R. Patel, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus; Miranda E. Pinks, Colorado State University; Anna J. Esbensen, Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center and College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati; Angela John Thurman and Leonard Abbeduto, MIND Institute, University of California Davis and University of California Davis Health; and Courtney Oser, Lisa A. Daunhauer, and Deborah J. Fidler, Colorado State University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark A.","family":"Prince","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kaylyn Van Deusen, Colorado State University; Mark A. Prince, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, and Colorado State University; Madison M. Walsh, Colorado State University; Lina R. Patel, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus; Miranda E. Pinks, Colorado State University; Anna J. Esbensen, Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center and College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati; Angela John Thurman and Leonard Abbeduto, MIND Institute, University of California Davis and University of California Davis Health; and Courtney Oser, Lisa A. Daunhauer, and Deborah J. Fidler, Colorado State University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madison M.","family":"Walsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kaylyn Van Deusen, Colorado State University; Mark A. Prince, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, and Colorado State University; Madison M. Walsh, Colorado State University; Lina R. Patel, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus; Miranda E. Pinks, Colorado State University; Anna J. Esbensen, Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center and College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati; Angela John Thurman and Leonard Abbeduto, MIND Institute, University of California Davis and University of California Davis Health; and Courtney Oser, Lisa A. Daunhauer, and Deborah J. Fidler, Colorado State University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lina R.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kaylyn Van Deusen, Colorado State University; Mark A. Prince, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, and Colorado State University; Madison M. Walsh, Colorado State University; Lina R. Patel, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus; Miranda E. Pinks, Colorado State University; Anna J. Esbensen, Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center and College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati; Angela John Thurman and Leonard Abbeduto, MIND Institute, University of California Davis and University of California Davis Health; and Courtney Oser, Lisa A. Daunhauer, and Deborah J. Fidler, Colorado State University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miranda E.","family":"Pinks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kaylyn Van Deusen, Colorado State University; Mark A. Prince, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, and Colorado State University; Madison M. Walsh, Colorado State University; Lina R. Patel, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus; Miranda E. Pinks, Colorado State University; Anna J. Esbensen, Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center and College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati; Angela John Thurman and Leonard Abbeduto, MIND Institute, University of California Davis and University of California Davis Health; and Courtney Oser, Lisa A. Daunhauer, and Deborah J. Fidler, Colorado State University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna J.","family":"Esbensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kaylyn Van Deusen, Colorado State University; Mark A. Prince, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, and Colorado State University; Madison M. Walsh, Colorado State University; Lina R. Patel, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus; Miranda E. Pinks, Colorado State University; Anna J. Esbensen, Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center and College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati; Angela John Thurman and Leonard Abbeduto, MIND Institute, University of California Davis and University of California Davis Health; and Courtney Oser, Lisa A. Daunhauer, and Deborah J. Fidler, Colorado State University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela John","family":"Thurman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kaylyn Van Deusen, Colorado State University; Mark A. Prince, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, and Colorado State University; Madison M. Walsh, Colorado State University; Lina R. Patel, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus; Miranda E. Pinks, Colorado State University; Anna J. Esbensen, Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center and College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati; Angela John Thurman and Leonard Abbeduto, MIND Institute, University of California Davis and University of California Davis Health; and Courtney Oser, Lisa A. Daunhauer, and Deborah J. Fidler, Colorado State University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonard","family":"Abbeduto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kaylyn Van Deusen, Colorado State University; Mark A. Prince, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, and Colorado State University; Madison M. Walsh, Colorado State University; Lina R. Patel, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus; Miranda E. Pinks, Colorado State University; Anna J. Esbensen, Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center and College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati; Angela John Thurman and Leonard Abbeduto, MIND Institute, University of California Davis and University of California Davis Health; and Courtney Oser, Lisa A. Daunhauer, and Deborah J. Fidler, Colorado State University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Courtney","family":"Oser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kaylyn Van Deusen, Colorado State University; Mark A. Prince, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, and Colorado State University; Madison M. Walsh, Colorado State University; Lina R. Patel, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus; Miranda E. Pinks, Colorado State University; Anna J. Esbensen, Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center and College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati; Angela John Thurman and Leonard Abbeduto, MIND Institute, University of California Davis and University of California Davis Health; and Courtney Oser, Lisa A. Daunhauer, and Deborah J. Fidler, Colorado State University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa A.","family":"Daunhauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kaylyn Van Deusen, Colorado State University; Mark A. Prince, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, and Colorado State University; Madison M. Walsh, Colorado State University; Lina R. Patel, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus; Miranda E. Pinks, Colorado State University; Anna J. Esbensen, Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center and College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati; Angela John Thurman and Leonard Abbeduto, MIND Institute, University of California Davis and University of California Davis Health; and Courtney Oser, Lisa A. Daunhauer, and Deborah J. Fidler, Colorado State University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deborah J.","family":"Fidler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kaylyn Van Deusen, Colorado State University; Mark A. Prince, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, and Colorado State University; Madison M. Walsh, Colorado State University; Lina R. Patel, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus; Miranda E. Pinks, Colorado State University; Anna J. Esbensen, Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center and College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati; Angela John Thurman and Leonard Abbeduto, MIND Institute, University of California Davis and University of California Davis Health; and Courtney Oser, Lisa A. Daunhauer, and Deborah J. Fidler, Colorado State University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"301","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"(3)","key":"2025042720014436000_i1944-7558-130-3-195-b01","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1093\/arclin\/acq014","article-title":"Impairment in occupational functioning and adult ADHD: The predictive utility of executive function (EF) ratings versus EF tests","volume":"25","author":"Barkley,","year":"(2010)","journal-title":"Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology: The Official Journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists"},{"issue":"(1)","key":"2025042720014436000_i1944-7558-130-3-195-b02","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/s11689-022-09435-z","article-title":"Conducting clinical trials in persons with Down syndrome: Summary from the NIH INCLUDE Down syndrome clinical trials readiness working 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